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^ landier, fire mouth. Registre, chimney 
damper. Montres fusibles, Seger cones. 
Montres a Urer, trial pieces. Noisettes or 
gailletins, nuts of coal. Houille, coal. 
Both firing and iDaking good. Firing 
stopped at bending down of cone 9 for cast 
pieces. Spyhole and cones placed in the 
middle of the kiln. The dotted lines on 
cones show the bending at the time the fir- 
ing was stopped, the full Unes the bending 
when the Idln was opened. (After firing is 
stopped, even in the absence of fuel, there 
is a rise of temperatiire for which allowance 
must be made.) This firing was oxidising 
in its results, reducing at first, oxidising at 
the end. During the reditction the fire 
mouths were wide open and had an excess 
of fuel, the chimney damper was closed. 
Toward two o'clock, when the time came 
for the firing to become oxidising the fire 
mouths were gradually closed and the 
damper gradually opened, (The dash with 
ring above the figure for fire mouth repre- 
sents the plaque of fire brick which covers 
the fire mouth and slides in and out. The 
dash at bottom represents the stopper V 
[Fig. 31.] ) At the opening of the kiln two 
biscuit pieces were found warped, and a 
piece which had not been sufficiently pro- 
tected was found stuck to its support. At 
10.30 P. M. the trial pieces showed the body 
to be opaque ; at 11.4.5 p. M. they showed a 
good translucency and a thoroughly vitrified 
body. The star shows the time of the 
brightest light in the kiln. The weather 
was dark and foggy in the morning, cleared 
off in the evening. 
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Very good results. The upper half was 
biscuit, the lower halfglazes. The spyhole 
was placed lower than in the firing of Fig. 
45, about one-third of height of the kiln 
Cast pieces were placed above the cones 
and were good; turned and pressed pieces 
placed below the cones were very good; 
figurines placed at bottom were good. One 
piece broken, two others warped because 
they did not rest flat on their support. A 
biscuit piece with hollow base warped, the 
hollow should have been filled with sand to 
support it. The cones being placed lower 
than for firing fig. 45, the firing was stopped 
at good bending down of cone 9, which is 
equivalent to a slight bending when cones 
are in the center of the kiln. At 10.12 p. M. 
the trial pieces showed the glaze to be 
opaque ; at 1 1 . 45 P. M. a feeble translucency ; 
at 1.00 A. M. good translucency and fine 
glaze. The firing was reducing; fire mouths 
opened at first, closed at the time of the 
fusion of the glaze and gradually opened 
to give the greatest amount of heat by ac- 
cumulation of fuel. Inversely the chimney 
damper was gradually closed with the pro- 
gress of the firing. In oxidising, closed fire 
mouths, open damper; in reducing, open 
fire mouths, closed damper. On account of 
very heavy weather the grand feu period 
was very slow, draft poor; toward the 
end weather became better and draft 
more active. 
