1884.] 
the AMERICAN GARDEN. 
6S 
THE MBS. GAEFIELD STEAWBEEEY. 
One of the most vigorous growing plants 
m our Strawberry trial-beds is this new 
variety. The plants were received too late 
last spring to perfect any berries; yet, to 
judge from tho results under so adverse 
coiiditions, wo wore very favorably impressed 
With its desirable qualities. 
It IS a seedling of tho Crescent, raised by 
Mr. Matthew Crawford, of Ohio, and is now 
introduced by Halo Brothers, of South Glas¬ 
tonbury, Conn., who describe it as follows: 
Giowth of plant healthy and vigorous, 
resembling its parent, the Crescent, with- 
broader foliage, however, and not making 
more than one-fourth as many runners; 
leaves clear and bright, standing di-ought 
and frost without injiuy; flowers perfect, 
with abundant, well developed stamens: 
fruit stalks of medium length, stout, and 
usually branching. Very prolific, equal 
to tho Crescent in 
quantity of fruit per 
acre ; and while not 
setting quite as 
many bendes as 
that variety, they 
average much larger 
aud hold their size 
better to tho end of 
the season. Form 
conical, with slight 
neck; eolor, glossj"^ 
bright scarlet. Its. 
flavor is rich, sweet, 
and delicious; and 
while not equal to 
the Wilson in ship¬ 
ping and keeping 
qualities, it is mueli 
firmer than any 
other of the very 
productive soi’ts.” 
or forty bushels of Corn per acre, it is rich 
enough. If it is made rich enough for Pear- 
trees, it will bo too rich for Poaches. When 
there is a large crop of fruit sot on the trees, 
manure may bo applied freely to carry it out. 
Trees of one year’s growth from the bud are 
best to plant. Natural trees are not inoro 
hardy than budded. The best trees are those 
growJi four or five feet high and with suffi¬ 
cient room to branch. 
Wlion planted, every side limb should be 
cut ofl. They will die if they arc not cut off. 
Plant carefully si.\toon to eighteen feet 
apart. It has boon the custom to plant 
closer, but then it is inconvenient to cidti- 
vate with a horse, and also to get out tho 
crop, and tho shade below is so dense that 
no good fruit is produced e.vee])t on tho tops 
of tho trees. More room aud air give better 
fruit, and one bushel of good fruit is worth 
two of poor. He does not believe in allow- 
PEAOH OULTtlEE IN 
NEW ENGLAND. 
At a recent meet¬ 
ing of the Massaclm- 
selis MorticuUural 
Society, for discus¬ 
sion, the subject 
was “Peaches; their 
Cultivation and Va¬ 
rieties, aud the 
Treatment of their 
Diseases.” John B. Moore had been ap¬ 
pointed to open the discussion, and said that 
the Peach was introduced from Persia, which 
eoiTesponds iri latitude to tho Carolinas and 
Georgia. Being a native of a more southern 
climate than ours, it is hardly at home here, 
unless by a long com-se of acclimation it lias 
become suited to om- climate. It is one of 
the finest of fruits, aud we all desire to grow 
it, and tho question is how we shall do so. 
The first thing is to select a suitable loca¬ 
tion, which should be on high gi-ounds, at 
toast partially protected from cold winds, 
and with a warm soil, where the wood will 
finish its growth .and ripen oarlJ^ ■ Even 
there a crop cannot bo expected more than 
two or three times in five years. Tho 
speaker had seen on a hill slope the line of 
destiaiction of fruit buds so plainly marked 
that twenty feet below a certain point the 
buds were all killed, and twenty feet above 
they were all good, showing the benefit of 
high ground. 
If the land is in condition to grow thirty 
THE MRS. GARFIELD STRAWBERRY. 
ing Peach-trees to branch down to the 
ground; after trimming off the side branches 
I at the time of planting, so that only a bare 
I rod is left, he heads down to a uniform 
j height of four feet by measure. The vigor- 
j ous shoots will come from the upper paid, 
I aud will often make a growth of two feet in 
I length. The weak lower shoots should be 
cut off during the summer, but only gradually, 
for the tree must have leaves to enable it to 
make roots. 
The land must not be allowed to run to 
weeds or gi’ass, but should be cultivated in 
some hoed crop that w’ill not exhaust the 
soil. Do not crowd a Potato hill or any tiling 
else too close to the young trees; be satis¬ 
fied if the crop pays the expense of cultiva¬ 
tion and keeps the soil mellow and in good 
condition to absorb tho rain. 
The next spring, after, planting, cut out all 
the branches but four or five of the best, and 
shorten these back two-thirds, always cut¬ 
ting to au outside bud, which will give a 
more spreading tree. Never cut the small 
branches, but only the leading ones. A year 
afterward piu'sue the same course. This 
will make the trunk larger, and the limbs 
stronger where they join it, than they would 
otherwise bo ; and, the limbs being shorter, 
the weight of fruit wilt have less leverage, 
and they will hang nearly to the ground 
without needing a prop to keep them from 
breaking. Tho small shoots should not be 
shortened. 
Tho fruit must be thinned when the crop 
is set. The speaker never saw a workman 
with courage enough to thin sufficiently. A 
good rule is to pick off as many as you think 
ought to be, and then to take off half the re¬ 
mainder, and never liave two together. The 
time to thin is when the fruit is as large as a 
Walnut, before tho stem has hardened. 
Tho exhaustion of tho tree is from the form.a- 
tion of seed and not of pulp. It is a good 
deal of work to thin tho fruit properly, but 
if the trees are 
pruned as directed, 
half of it can be 
done while standing 
on the gi-ound, and 
one bushel of fruit 
well thinned is 
u’orth three not 
thinned. 
Stable m.anure 
should not be used ; 
bone is undoubtedly 
one of tho best fer¬ 
tilizers. The experi¬ 
ments of Profes¬ 
sors Goossmann .and 
Pcnhallow are of 
importance, appar¬ 
ently showing that 
trees once diseased 
with the yellows 
have been restored 
to health by the ap¬ 
plication of muriate 
of potash, but tho 
speaker has not 
himself succeeded. 
Miu'iate of potash is 
undoubtedly useful 
as a fertilizer, and 
he would use it on a 
5 'oung orchard. The 
yellows is the worst 
drawback on the cul- 
The only insect that 
is troublesome is the worm wMeh works 
.under the b.ark, .and this can be kept down 
by putting a little mound of ashes or lime 
.around the trunk of the tree. 
In regard to varieties there is nothing new 
that is p.artieularly de.sirable. Ci'.awford’s 
Early is the best kind for market, and Mr. 
Moore advised to plant mainly this variety, 
with a few Crawford’s Late. 
tivation of the Peach. 
PHTLLOXEEA IN EEANCE. 
The Gardeners' Monthly states that the 
French have .about abandoned all effort to 
preserve their vines through insecticides. The 
use of the American stock is found to be tho 
simplest protection. In the first year an 
American cutting is planted; in the second 
this is used as a stock ; in the third the eion 
bears fruit. Care must be exercised in select¬ 
ing stock suitable for particular districts, for 
the variety that is fitting in one place is not 
so in another. 
