1884.] 
the AMERICAN 
GARDEN. 
229 
A VALUABLE NEW CHERRY, 
THK WlNDSOn, 
Early riponitig has for sonio |;i,„o boon 
considered by many (,ho loading point to bo 
gained in now fruits, and frequently l.o the 
neglect of other not less desirable qualifica¬ 
tions. For home use and for norf.horn mar¬ 
kets lateness is often of more importance in 
a variety than extreme early ripening. 
The accompanying illustration shows tho 
shape and general appearance of a now 
Cherry, which seems to possess all tho de¬ 
sirable qualities of a late variety. It is now 
being introduced by Messrs. Elhvangor & 
Barry, of Kochestor, N. Y., who describe it 
as follows: 
“Fruit large, liver-colored, resembling 
the Elkhorn, or Tradoscant’s Black Heart, 
nevertheless quite distinct; ripens three or 
four days after that variety; flesh remark¬ 
ably firm and of fine quality. Tree 
hardy and very prolific. Promises 
to be a valuable late variety for mar¬ 
ket and for family use.” 
constructed a chimney i 
>'or, a dest 
others who i 
. . in tho following man- 
’ " of which may interest 
are similarly situated. 
1 took two pieces of inch lumber four 
inches wide, and two that were eight inches 
wide each. One side of those pieces 1 
'ovoiei oyer with shoot-iron, drawing it 
t ght and firm, and nailing it on tho edges of 
1.0 boards. Then I put the four Jieees 
tegothoi so that they made a shoot-iron 
lined fiiio with a- throat of four inches by 
eight. 1 used long, heavy nails in putting 
It together in order to draw tho joints tight 
and close. In tho lower end that was to rest 
on tho ground, I fitted an end piece simi¬ 
larly sheeted over. About four inches above 
this and in the broadside of tho flue was cut 
a hole of the size of the pipe to be used, the 
edges of which opening were also protected 
with strips of sheet-iron. 
This flue was placed just outside the cellar 
VENTILATION FOE FRUIT CELLARS, 
The fruit crop, or that portion of 
it -which is to be stored dmiiig win¬ 
ter, is now, doubtless, in the quar¬ 
ters that it is to occupy for many 
months to come. The greatest 
drawback to good preservation in 
our cold northern climates, is the 
close air in which we have to con¬ 
fine our fruit in order to keep it 
seem-e against frost. 
We have learned from experience 
that the temperature of the fruit 
cellar must be kept well down to¬ 
ward the freezing point, so that 
fermentation may not take place in 
the juices of the fruit, thus causing 
early decay; and we have learned, 
too, that where the temperature of 
tlfe cellar is kept so low, that the 
moisture and heavy impurities, 
which gather where fi'uit or vege¬ 
tables are stored, will not readily 
pass off from a cold and consequent¬ 
ly heavy air that holds them near 
the ground. 
Such heavy air will not readily 
rise and pass off through tho ordi¬ 
nary channels provided for ventila¬ 
tion. To make it rise it must first 
be lightened. How to lighten the air or raise 
the temperature of the cellar, without injur¬ 
ing the frpit stored within, was a question 
that has long baffled me. 
One winter, as an experiment, I stored my 
fruit well back from the center of the eellai, 
and placed a small wood heater in the middle 
of the largo space thus left. It was an ex- 
ti'emoly cold winter, and my heater sei vet 
two purposes—preventing tho temper ature 
from getting too low, and giving my ee ai 
splendid ventilation. 
I kept only a very light fire for 
two or three hours a day. The boar par 
titions and straw eoveiing over the ins 
protected the fruit against any iin.I.i® ea , 
while the heavy foul air of tho cellar was 
warmed and lightened by this means, an 
drawn off through the stove and chimney- 
As I had no facilities to carry the pipi 
ap into the chimney-fl.ue of the > 
THE V^INOSOR CHERRY. 
window, the foot of it on a large flat stone, 
and tho top, sixteen feet above, fastened by 
strips of zinc to the gable end of tho kitchen 
wing. A pane of glass was removed from 
the collar window, and in its place ivas fas¬ 
tened a sheet of iron with a hole for the pipe 
to pass through. There were two elbows 
and a long stretch of pipe before it entered 
the chimney, so that with a light fire there 
was but little heat'to endanger the wood¬ 
work of the flue. 
I never before had my fruit and vegetables 
keep so well as they have since I commenced 
using this heater in the cellar. It not only 
serves for ventilating and regulating tho 
temperatm-e, but tho an- of the whole house 
will be the purer and pleasanter for a flie 
occasionally in the collar, not to mention the 
additional comfort of knowing one’s stores to 
be safe, even in the coldest weather. 
W. D. Boynton. 
4 GOOD MARKET FOE DRIED FRUITS. 
WJiile overproduction in almost every 
branch of industry is complained of not 
only hero but in Europe, dried fruits appear 
as yet not to bo in excess of the demand. 
Tlie apparatus necessary for evaporating 
fruits of all kinds is comparatively not ex¬ 
pensive; and, with proper management, will 
pay for itself in a short time. Of course, this, 
as any other industry, may be overdone, if 
everybody should rush into it; but to judge 
fi'otn the following remarks of tho London 
I’roiluce Market lieview, tho time seems to be 
not near at hand: 
“There is no country enjoying a fairly 
temperate climate in which home-grown 
fruit is so scarce and so dear as in England, 
while wo have heard it said that in some 
parts of America Peaches are so abundant as 
to be hardly worth gathering. There can bo 
no question that the demand for dried and 
preserved fruits is capable of almo.st 
indefinite expansion, with larger and 
more varied supplies, for the supply 
at present is so inadequate, that 
some varieties, even of leading de¬ 
scriptions, cannot be had for months 
at a time, and the trade, indeed, al¬ 
most comes to a stand-still during 
the summer, not so much because 
of the supply of gi-een fruit — for 
that is always very dear in the 
larger towns — but simply because 
there is so little dried fruit to sell.” 
FEUIT-MEEOHANTS NECESSARY. 
There has been some wild and 
foolish talk in certain rural circles 
about that superfluous being in the 
world, the middle-man. “I think,” 
says Parker Earl, President of the 
Mississippi Valley Horticultural 
Society, “that this talk has never 
done any good. I am sm-e it has 
done much harm. Strike down the 
agency of the commission merchant 
and we should have no grand system 
of commercial fruit-growing. There 
doubtless are rascals in this trade, 
as in all others; but this should not 
lead us to reflect unfairly upon a 
very large, useful, and honest class 
of merchants. I have had something 
to do with fi’uit commission men for 
the past quarter of a centm-y, ha^^ng 
done business with over one himdred 
and fifty of them in some eighty cities and 
twenty States, -without having been cheated 
of a dollar in all that acquaintance. I desire 
that they shall feel fully identified with the 
interests of fruit-growers, or >vith all schemes 
which tend to tho healthful develophiont of 
so gritnd au institution as American horti¬ 
culture.” 
THE MINNEWASKA BLACKBERRY. 
A sample box and clusters of this new 
variety were received this summer fi-om A. J. 
Caywood & Son, Marlboro, N. Y. ^ The clus¬ 
ters were large, very full, and remarkably 
evenly ripened. The berries were of good 
size and quality, notwithstanding their hav¬ 
ing ripened during several days of rain. 
Their entire freedom from a hard core was 
especially noticed. . This in answer to a 
subscriber from N. Y. 
