AMERICAN GARDEN. 
HOW TO MAKT. A LAWN. 
The operivtioii of making a thoroughly 
good lawn requires much p.ainstaking atten¬ 
tion in addition to a knowledge of drain.ago 
and the best methods of treating special 
soils. We will simply undertake to give a 
few general directions that will bo found in 
most cases essential to success. 
Should moist spots or special growths of 
coarse grass indicate that such treatment is 
necessary, the proposed lawn must be drain¬ 
ed at an expense probably of $50 to $75 
per acre. The first work to be undert.aken, 
independent of drainage, is the removal of 
stumps, stones and weeds by repeated plow¬ 
ing and harrowing and carrying off or 
burning. A liberal application of fifty to 
seventy-five tons of well-rotted st.able ma¬ 
nure should be next .applied to the land. 
This should be carefully and evenly dis¬ 
tributed over the surface, .and then spaded 
or plowed in to the depth intended for the 
lawn. Some of the best lawns in the world 
are made by spading to the depth of at 
least eighteen or twenty inches, but thor¬ 
ough and skillful plowing and sub-soiling 
accomplishes the necessary pulverizing and 
“ JsL7l !■'#> m»l« . Bool la.™ 
bush Is to the aero of Kentucky Blue 
Ssftd isnot too ™ueh,and 5« 
if you wish, add a few pounds ol White 
Ctocr s.o<l, alll.o»«l. White O'"™'; 
work its w.ay into raauy.lawns without .sow 
ing. Bake in your grass seed evenly and 
thoroughly and then at once roll the lawn 
with a heavy iron roller in order to pack the 
seed firmly into the ground and thus help 
materially the progress of germination. Koll 
frequently during at least the first season, 
and begin to cut as soon as the hand mower 
will take hold well. The extra care of fre¬ 
quent cutting .and rolling is important for 
the thickening and even growth of the young 
„i..ass. Sajiukl Parsons, Jr. 
profuse crops of scarlet benies ^ 
inclosed in an orange husk which 
ii,. j. .. h Parts. I 
irty 
'some aOOD NATIVE .VINES. 
You will probably w.ant something to 
pl.ant about your veranda or porch, to climb 
over the gate, or cover an unsightly stump, 
or the fence that is hardly as ornamental as 
you would like to have it. If you do, I 
would advise you to take your basket as 
soon as the frost leaves the ground, and go 
to the woods to find the plants which w’ill 
give you better satisfaction than an 3 ' others 
you can get. These may also be procured of 
mixing and does the work quite as well as i ’ 
spading, provided an equal depth is reached, you can not find them 
Deep culture in the preparation of a lawn j 'voods or pastures near you. 
is of the utmost importance, for on deen I Virginia crerper. 
culture depends in a large degree the abil- j The Ampelopsis. quinquefolia, or American 
ity of the grass to resist the severe effects ! Ivy as it is also called is the best climber for | 
of protracted drought. | all purposes. Everybody knows it. It is to ; 
Having cleaned, deeply plowed and liber- us what the Ivy is to the English, .and is; 
ally fertilized the soil of the proposed lawn, quite as ornamental at any season as the Ivv 
turns back from the fruit. Xh ‘"‘'"‘N 
are veryshowy in autumn and w ® 
on all winter if the birds wonlTii V 
.alone. They are very useful for o*®* 
ing the rooms in winter, and for 
decorations. This vine twines ab 
posts, or anything with which it t*** 
contact that it can encircle with 
stems. It is .an excellent vine in e 
and only needs to bo more generair*v 
to become extremely popular. It i 
gre.ater merit than any imported vi^* 
s.aying this I am not unmindful of the t ^ 
of the Wistaria and the various Elonevs ** r"’* 
Good as they are, the Bittersweet is bitt'*' 
virgin’s bower. 
This is the hardy native vine which 
collection shoiild include. Clematis vZT 
iana. It is not a rampant grower but* 
will fill all requirements for porches 
rand.as, or summer-houses, or training abjilt 
windows. It has pleasing foliage, and bears 
a great profusion of delicate, airy whit 
flowers of delightful fragrance. We hav' 
few more dcsii able plants for supplying cut 
flowers for the house. The long branches 
covered with bloom are simply exquisite for 
use in vases with' flowers of brighter color 
They beautify .any thing they come in con¬ 
tact with, and h.arinonize with everythin^. 
E. E. Re.xfobd. 
the next thing is to prep.are its immediate 
surface, or in other words to grade it. Long 
flowing, surface lines should characterize 
the grade as finally established, and slight 
elevations or swells more or less pronounced 
according to the topography of the surround 
and vastly more attractive and showy during 
the fall. It can be found growing plentifully 
along raostswampy places, audis very easily 
transplanted. It is a rapid grower, often 
reaching out fifteen or twenty feet in a single 
season. It clings to smooth surfaces by 
mg temto^, should appear immediately means of little disks attached' to a sori nf 
around the trees and shrubs and the other | tendril, these disks acS on Z I ? 
outskirts of the tract. Mathematical lines it! of the “suckers” boys like to f S ' ‘"T r 
lines are never found in nature’s work of ’ are a m-coniVi. i ! , 
this kind. A top dre.s.sing of fifteen or butveryfr.a-ran7"'ri,csr^ "’conspicuous, 
twentj- tonsof old well-rotted stable manure I dark piuplc bcrrils l/orn^ «"Cccodcd by 
or a ton of .ammoniated .super-pho.sphate i These arl c' ""«on stom.s. 
of llmo, or of “‘“‘'to olio, 
should now be spread ovei- the gi s.ded lawn 
and then lightly spaded or plowed in so as 
not to disturb the lines of grade established. 
Ibe surface should then be once more harrow¬ 
ed and raked carefully. All this fertilizing 
spading, plowing, sub-soiling, l.arrowinl 
and raking repeated over and ovcrafoiin m.al 
seem like taking unnece.ss,ary trouble, but 
we assure the reader that such repetition 
of effort IS seldom wasted in the endeavor 
to secure an approximation to soil in which 
no one inch is more dense than another. 
i ex in order comes the sowin<f of the 
seed. Good mixtures of different kinds of 
grass seed are offered by all reputable seeds 
men and are said to be more effective e 
cause of the number of varieties mscal ) 
we have found Kentucky Blue Gr.ass, Pou 
pratensis, excellently .adapted to most soils a 
vigorous gG-ower from the start, and fitted 
p tbo leaves 
mostcifeclive 
in autumn when the leaves turn i. • 
of most gorgeous color ; i.uleed lio ’(I 
"igpkmtis one half .as showy’w 
bloom. This vine is exeeileifi f " "" 
arbors, old «tumps,-any(!l,i„t .‘='’'''" "'11 
it is desirable to cover. ' 
cuuMuiNo n,TTEUswKi,rr. 
CeUmrus smwhm is the botanial mnn .■ 
bis beautiful native climber. 1 
roquentlyinetwithas the Vind fi. r- 
but It IS to he, found in most 7 '''^''''’‘’1 
•^orth. It is a ranid ir,.,. " •'bo 
bilious as the one already d’ "'I' 
reaching a greater heiid'^i I'”'''''’’®''- «oldom 
clean and healthy ’l iriv!' ’ ’’"ion, always 
rested with any kind of'wonr,"'.' 
on this account it is very d and 
about the veranda or tlm porahM"',' 
WHAT SHEHBBEKT WANTS, 
With ourpreseiit methods, what is wanted 
to bring back the shrub to its proper position 
in tlie lawn, says Edgar Sanders, isatlc.ast 
when young, free, loose ground. If this in¬ 
terferes with the regulation lawn, fringe the 
borders ol the shrubbery with hardy peren¬ 
nials of low, growing ch.ar.acter ; but by all 
means keep tlie gi-ass roots out, and the mow¬ 
ing machine man away from the branches. 
Treated tlius, all the stronger shrubs will 
make a vigorous growth, and when they 
have arrived at the smothering age, andean 
coinpote w'ith the grass, sometimes it may 
pay to fors.akc the border .and form a belt. 
It will bo tlie grass that will usually suffer 
then. Finally, if any one wants to see what 
a slirub requires, let him go to a good nur¬ 
sery, and our word for it, if the gi’ound is 
kept loose and fri.ablc, the weeds eradicated 
.and each plant given room to spread its 
branelies, lie will find a perfectly symmet¬ 
rical growtli of luxurious brauches ; and if 
this ti eatinout is continued, the shrub will 
go on in the same way, a thing of beauty, 
and a credit to anj' place, largo or small. 
handiness or magnolia GKANDIFLOKA. 
'I'lie iManiioliti qrandillora is hardy notonl.v 
as far north as Philadelphia, as stated in tbo 
last number of the American GarheNi b"*' 
it will live [i,,;! bloom on Long Island, so 
says Dr. . 1 . yy. llarsl.ow of Flushing. 
be same authority also informs us 
tliat 
iioni.y also imoiius -j 
luir native Azaleas, the white and the p''> 
"lay lie eimily trausplaiitod from roadsifio” 
and o|)en plaees, and will do well uiifio''®” 
tivation. 
Kaliuias tiiken from the ivoods are ab'"’®*' 
always sure to die, liiit good plants fro® 
"ursoides will, with proper caro, gi'O"’ 
and form lioantirul shrubs. Slany of 
"ati ve sh i ul),s are very desirable for the l»w«- 
