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«Whenever choieo ean bo nmclo the land 
used for such purpose should be as level -is 
possible, and should bo of the nature of 
what is known as sandy loam that is, a dark 
colored rather sandy soil ovorlayinR n, sub¬ 
soil of sand or Rravol. All soils that have 
adhesive clay for their sub-soils are not so 
well suited for fruits or vegetables, besides 
requiring at least double the amount of labor 
for cultivation. Above all things necessary 
to success in growing either vegetables or 
fruits is manure. It may bo laid down as a 
settled fact that unless manure can be ob¬ 
tained in sufliciont quantity tl>o work is not 
likely to bo half as renumorativo as where 
plenty of it can be iiad. Tliu (juantity of 
manure used per acre by market gardeners 
around our large cities is not less than 
seventy-five tons per acre each year, and if 
barnyard manure is not accessible, con¬ 
centrated fertilizers such as bone dust or 
superphosphates should be harrowed in the 
land, after plowing, at the rate of not less 
than two tons per acre, if no other manui e 
is used. Such large quantities of manure 
will no doubt be appalling to the average 
farmer, as it is no unusual thing for a farm 
of fifty acres to get no more than market 
gardeners put on a single acre; but everyone 
who has had experience in gTowing vege¬ 
tables or fruits knows that the only true 
way to make the business profitable is to use 
manure to the extent here advised.” 
It is safe to say that the .aver.age profits to 
the market gardener in the vicinity of our 
large cities, where he annually pays some¬ 
times as high as $100 per acre for rent, is at 
least $300 per acre. The usual amount of 
ground cultivated by market gardeners is 
ten acres, and they think it is a poor year 
when their profits from that amount of land 
do not average $3,000, and that too when 
nearly all the products are sold at wholesale. 
The kinds of garden products that would 
be found most profitable would be I think, 
in small fruits, Strawberi ies, Raspberries, 
Blackberries, and Grapes. In vegetables. 
Asparagus, Beans, Peas, Beets, Cabbage, 
Cauliflower, Celery, Sweet Corn, Cucum¬ 
bers, Melons, Radish, Spinach, Squash, To¬ 
mato and Turnip. "Of the varieties of these 
I will say nothing, as the kinds adapted to 
one location may not always be suitable in 
another. A good rule where you go to a 
nursery, seed or implement warehouse, if 
you are not well posted, is to ask the clerk 
what kinds he sells most of, be it fruit, 
plants, vegetable seeds, or implements, and 
you will be safe in choosing such, if you h.ave 
no particular choice, for it is most invariably 
the case that the general public find out 
what has most merit and such too as would 
most likely be suited for most locations. 
The reading of this paper, for which a 
hearty vote of thanks was tendered to Mr. 
Henderson by the club, was listened to with 
a. great deal of attention by all present, aiic 
the discussion which followed as well as Mr. 
Henderson’s answers, cheerfully given to tie 
many questions put to him, were of mucli 
practical value and interest. We much re¬ 
gret that our limited space does not peimi 
of a full report of the same. 
Those of our readers living within con 
venient reach of New York, or when on a, 
visit sMnld not miss to attend these mee 
mgs; they are entirely free, and all 
interested in horticultural and rural a ai 
are heartily welcomed. 
59 
AMEMOAN POMOIiOaiOAL SOCIETY. 
. /'^'"'''-N'rilC’I'll S14HSION. 
JO ^licliigan Hoi ticiiltuial Hooiety having 
nvitod tlio American Pomological Society to 
ijold Its next meeting in Michigan, the un- 
< eisigned give notice that the 'rwentieth 
session of this National Association will he 
held 111 Gr.and Rapids, coininenciiig Wednes¬ 
day, September fith, 1880, at 10 o’clock a. in., 
and continuing for three days. 
Alt Morticiiltur.al, Pomological, Agricul¬ 
tural, and other kindred associations in the 
United States and British Provinces are 
uiged to send delegations as large as they 
may deem expedient, aud .all persons inter¬ 
ested in the cultivation ol fruits are invited 
to be present and take seats in the Conven¬ 
tion. It is expected that there will be a full 
attendance of delegates from all quarters of 
our country. No ellort will be spared to 
make it the largest and most u.seful meeting 
ever held by the Society. 
The Catalogue of Pruits published by the 
Society includes nearly all the States and 
Territories, and is filled with a great amount 
of information as to the fruits adapted for 
culture ill the respective locations. Some of 
these are yet incomplete, and it is the object 
of the Society, from year to year, to fill the 
blanks and bring its Catalogue nearer to 
perfection. 'I’o accomplish this object as 
fully as possible, the Chairman of the Gen¬ 
eral Fruit Committee, W. C. Barry, Esq., 
Rochester, N. Y., will send out the usual 
circulars of inquiry. 
When we consider the great importance 
of fruit culture in North America, its rapid 
progress during the last . thirty-five years 
under the beneficent action of this Society, 
the great value and rajiidly increasing de¬ 
mand for its products at home aud abroad, 
we feel warranted in urging the attendance 
of all who are interested in the welf.are of 
our country and the development of its 
wonderful resources in this branch of agri¬ 
culture. 
Arrangements will be made with hotels 
aud the railroads of Michigan for a reduction 
of fare. In most cases it will be best for 
delegates to arrange for rates with the roads 
in their localities. 
An efficient committee has been apiminted 
by the Michigan Horticultural Society to 
make all necessary arrangements for the 
exhibition of fruits, the reception and ac¬ 
commodation of the members and delegates 
of the Society. Tlie committee consists of 
Hon. Byron G. Stout, Pontiac ; Hon. H G. 
Reynolds, Old Mission ; Hon A. J. Webber, 
Ionia; Hon. W. K. Gibson, Jackson; Hon. 
W. L. Webber, East Saginaw; Judge J. G. 
Ramsdell, Traverse City. 
Good and ample accommodations will be 
furnished the delegates, the collections of 
H-uits, and a convenient and quiet hall foi 
''raccoixlance with an invitation from the 
,ug, the memu college. 
" ,1 
““““ 
novelties. nested that no duplicates 
It 18 earnestly icque 
appear m ^^^ed on exhibition, 
choice specimei s notice, as 
““Si**««»'>■ 
will be needed for their fruits. Six speci¬ 
mens of a variety will be sufficient, except 
in fruits of unusual interest. A limited 
number of Wilder Medals will be awarded 
to objects of special merit. 
Packages of fruit should be addressed to 
Charles W. Garfield, Gi’.and Rapids, Mich., 
for the Amci’ican Pomological Society. 
Freight and express charges on packages 
pi-epaid. 
All persons desirous of becoming members 
can remit the fee to Benjamin G. Smith, 
treasurer, Cambiidge, iM.ass. Life member¬ 
ship, twenty dollars ; biennial, four dollars. 
Life members will he supplied with back 
numbers of the proceedings of the Society 
as far as possible. 
Mausiiali. P. Wildeh, Pres., Boston, Mass. 
Prof. W. J. Beal, Secy., Lanslru'. Mio". 
AMEfilCAN BOETICULTUEAL SOCIETY. 
JIKKTINO AT NKW OBBEAXS. 
One of the chief organizers of the New Or¬ 
leans Exposition, and the head of the Hor¬ 
ticultural Department is Mr. Parker Earle, 
president of the former Mississippi Valley 
now the American Horticultural Society 
and it was therefore not only fitting and 
proper but necessary as well, that the an¬ 
nual meeting of the society should be held 
at the Exposition. Many feared that the 
distance from central points and the over¬ 
shadowing attractions of the city and Expo¬ 
sition would result in a failure of the meet¬ 
ing, but all such fears proved groundless, 
and the attendance was large and the papers 
and discussions were of wide scope and 
great value. 
A veiy excellent opening address was made 
by President Earle, detailing the difficulties 
surmounted, aud the work accomplished up 
to that date Januar}' 14th. An immense 
glass structure had been erected in which a 
fine collection of Palms, Orchids aud Cactus 
were already in position ; a collection of 
every known variety of American gi'ape 
vines, and the largest and most interesting 
exhibit of Apples ever gathered in the 
world. There were Apples from all portions 
of the United States, from Canada, Man¬ 
itoba, the Highlands of Mexico, England, 
France and Russia. Outside in the grounds 
were planted 200,000 Dutch bulbs, and over 
8,000 varieties of American trees and shrubs. 
Papers were read by C. B. Merwin of Ten¬ 
nessee, aud Judge AVin. Parry upon Cross- 
fertilization, which with the discussion fol¬ 
lowing fully proved that the male parent has 
a greater or less influence in Strawberries 
and other fruits that are a part or are imme¬ 
diately borne upon the receptacle the part 
influenced. 
A paper by J. S. Collins of New Jersey 
brought out a full talk upon cold storage. 
Mr. Collins stated it to be the practice in his 
State, to store fruit in rooms below ice¬ 
houses. The drip was not detrimental to 
Apples and Pears. Berries were protected 
by covers. Concord Grapes are kept four to 
six weeks in New York, by placing them 
upon the ground and covering with a foot of 
leaves which were wetted daily. 
E. Williams of Near Jersey read an excel¬ 
lent paper illustrated with drawings on 
Pruning the Vine, followed by one from A. 
0. Kendel of Ohio, on the Culture and value 
of our native Grapes. A lively discussion 
upon Grape rot and bagging Grapes followed. 
Facts were given by A. J. Cay wood and 
