50 
4. Euantipathes japonica (Brook) emend. 
\Antipathes) japonica Br. Brook, Chall. Rep. Antipatharia, p. 169, pi. XI, fig. 25. 
[Antipathes] bifaria Br. Brook, Chall. Rep. Antipatharia, p. 170, pi. XI, fig. 20. 
Stat. 299. io°52'.4S., i23°i'.iE. Buka- or Cyrus-bay, Rotti-island. 34 M. Mud, coral and 
Lithothamnion. 1 spec. 
This colony, covered with well preserved polyps, is snapped off, obviously near the 
base. The height of the colony is 30 cm. ; the length of the curved stem is 40 cm.; the 
basal diameter of the axis is 4 mm. All principal branches lie in the same plane ; the stem 
is curved to the left and tapers gradually. There are two longitudinal rows of branches, 
inserted antero-laterally, at an angle of over 45 0 with the axis ; afterwards their course is more 
horizontal, while their top is curved upwards again. Besides the branches are curved somewhat 
backwards., so that both rows after all deviate less from the plane of the colony than at their 
origin. The members of both rows regularly alternate to the right and to the left, with a 
mutual distance of always 4 mm. in a row. The length of the branches is variable; the left 
row, which has the longer branches, shows lengthes of 8 cm., wherebetween shorter ones 
occur. The right row has branches of nearly half the length of those on the left, d owards 
the top of the colony the length of the branches diminishes, but not much. Some branches 
are strongly developed ; these principal branches are one to the left of 20 cm. and one to the 
right which surpasses the stem in length and is curved in the same direction as the stem. 
These principal branches are branched after the same manner as the stem, but right and 
left row of branches are of equal length (up to 10 cm. and over); the first dm. of the right 
branch however has only branches 2— 3 cm. in length. All the branches have the same 
characteristics as those on the stem. The secondary branches, which occur on all described branches, 
are directed towards the anterior side of the colony. They are inserted at an angle of ± 45 0 
at a mutual distance of ± 4 mm. and either in two rows, which are at a mutual very acute 
angle or in one single row. Many secondary branches bear ter¬ 
tiary ones before the branchlets are inserted on the anterior side 
of the colony. The length of the ultimate branches is max. 
2 cm., but this value is very variable. — The base of the colony 
only bears stumps of broken branches. The plane of the colony 
is curved backwards. The stem and the branches differ very 
much in diameter, except the principal branches; by the other 
branches the diameter diminishes gradually. 
The spines (fig. 25) are inclined distally with a concave 
distal side and a convex proximal one; the top is rather obtuse. 
On the older parts of the axis the spines become more slender and aculeate. The top of the 
spines is slightly granulated (fig. 25 b\ omitted in a). There are five longitudinal rows, alter¬ 
nating in a regular quincunx, which in some places disappears through shifting of the rows; on 
the older parts the distribution is irregular. The length of the spines is 135 g, subequal on every side of 
C37 C? O CA CA 
Fig. 25. Euantipathes japonica (Br.) em. 
a Spines on a pinnula; the surface-rough¬ 
ness, which is omitted, is shown in 
a , b 5 2 X- 
