176 
bifurcation is found; the smallest, snapped-off branch is 0.75 mm. in diameter, the other one 
1.25 mm. — In both bifurcations the angle between the branches is more than 30°. 
The polyps (fig. 253) are not arranged in a single series but irregularly, by preference 
on the convex side of the axis, leaving the concave side entirely free. In connection with the 
arrangement of the polyps by preference on the concave axis-sides of spiral-colonies such as 
Eucirripcithes Rumphii and others, these distribution with Hillopathcs rcimosa indicates, in my 
opinion, that the curving of the colony is for the greater part 
natural. The polyps are low and milkwhite; while the coenen- 
chyma is so very thin as to make the black axis visible through 
this layer. -—■ The spines project through the coenenchyma as 
well as through the polyps, since the longest spines are to 
Fig. 252. HUiofathes ramosa (v. Pesch). Schema be found on the polypbearing side. The six tentacles are 
ot longitudinal g ioo\c and cro«-gioo \ls .u tiu ra( jj ate t i ie sagittal ones are inserted at a greater distance 
back of the axis 5 polyps and spines are omitted. 0 0 
from the oral cone than the lateral ones. The oral cone is 
very low with a large, round mouth,” which may also be very much sagittally elongated (longest 
axis 0.7 mm., shortest one 0.2 mm.). The length of the tentacles is 0.3 mm. (somewhat less 
for the lateral ones) but usually the tentacles are very much contracted, even forming little 
indentions in the coenenchyma. Around the base of many tentacles the coenenchyma is folded 
and wrinkled in concentric circles. — There is a cross-groove between each polyp, but this 
groove is not at right angles with the axis (fig. 252); the greatest distance between two such 
grooves is 1.7 mm. Along the concave side of the 
axis the longitudinal groove is clearly visible. Young 
polyps alternate irregularly with the adult ones, but 
it is not possible to make out distinct longitudinal 
rows. To 1 cm. of the axis 8—12 polyps may be 
found, the young ones included. — In view of the 
perforating spines this specimen could be included 
into the sub-genus Aphanipathes ; the mode of bran¬ 
ching is very much like several Euantipathes- species, while the distribution of the polyps is 
typical for the sub-genus Eucirripathes, to which I had joined it in my first publication on 
Cirripathes. But because of the well developed branches, which are too long to include this 
specimen into Eucirripathes where only branches occur which are very short in proportion to 
the total length of the colony, I have made a new genus, which is a transition from the well- 
branched genera to the practically unbranched genera. 
Diagnosis: 
Colony: curved; irregularly secondarily sinuous; sparingly dichotomously 
branched; swift diminuitions of diameter at several points of the axis 
(sometimes to half the preceding diameter). 
Spines: long, conical, blunt or acute; slightly distally inclined; entirely 
smooth surface; 255 p. and 390 p. on opposite sides of the axis; mutual distance 
— 47° ! J -'i 10 longitudinal rows, which may become irregular. 
Fig. 253. Hillopathes ramosa (v. Pesch). Polyps; most 
of the spines have been omitted: 8.5 X* 
