THE PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. 
25 
of man, whether here or elsewhere, afforded by these rude tools and 
weapons, it is necessary not merely to establish a doubt as to any, 
but to prove beyond doubt the natural or accidental origin of all. 
One worked flint of Palaeolithic type is sufficient to establish the 
existence of Palaeolithic Man. 
A very few words sum up the record of Palaeolithic Man in 
Devon. That he inhabited, or at least visited, the whole county is 
proved by the manner in which his traces are scattered on every 
hand; that he dates back at least to inter-glacial times has been 
shown ; that he continued to dwell here for a very long period we 
learn from the occurrence of his implements and weapons, under 
conditions which show that they were deposited long subsequent to 
the melting of the snow-cap, which in all probability formed our 
latest glacial stage. 1 As yet we go no further. Some light is 
thrown upon his general habits and surroundings by discoveries on 
the Continent ; but our own neighbourhood is silent. 
The next trace of Devonshire man is in the barrows or tumuli ; 
still at first in the Stone Age, but possibly the work of a different 
race, and certainly of far later times. How wide the gap one fact 
will illustrate. The cave men to whom our earlier Palaeolithic 
people belonged, or with whom they were contemporary, were of 
the period of the extinct cave mammalia, of which no barrow has 
yielded even fragmentary evidence. 
There are two great classes of barrows — the long and the round, 
each varying in internal structure, and so capable of further sub- 
division, but each presenting certain well-defined and constant 
peculiarities. The long barrows are assigned to the Age of Stone ; 
the round are partly transition, but in the main belong to the Age 
of Bronze. The long barrows of England seem the work ex- 
clusively of a long-headed people — dolichocephalic; the round of 
a round-headed people — brachycephalic, though a few long-headed 
skulls occasionally occur in them. 
The long barrows are found in almost every part of the kingdom, 
not common as a rule, 2 but more abundant in Dorset, Wilts, 
and Gloucester. They generally run east and west, with the primary 
interment to the east (an indication of sun or fire worship). In other 
respects they differ. Some contain chambers ; others do not ; the 
1 Trans. Devon. Assoc. vol. xiii. pp. 35, 359. 
8 Canon Greenwbll, British Barrows, p. 479. 
