THE FOUNDERS OP CHARLES CHURCH. 
107 
natives he sailed for Virginia. In 1616 four ships from Plymouth 
made successful voyages. Four years after, in 1620, a charter was 
granted by James I. to the Northern Company, dated November 
3rd, which embraced the territory lying between the 40th and 
48th degrees of north latitude, rather a wide grant, extending from 
Philadelphia and New Jersey to the Bay of Chaleurs, in Nova 
Scotia, on the St. Lawrence — the patentees being the Duke of 
Lennox, the Marquises of Buckingham and Hamilton, the Earls of 
Arundell and Warwick, Sir Ferdinando Gorges, and thirty-four 
other noblemen and gentlemen, styled the Council established at 
Plymouth, in the county of Devon, for planting, ruling, ordering, 
and governing of New England in America. This company was 
the successor of the Baleigh Company and the Plymouth Company 
of 1606, the latter famous only for its failure, and the romantic 
incident of the love for Captain John Smith of Pocahontas, who 
found, let us hope, a better husband in John Eolfe, the historian of 
Virginia, than she did in Smith the governor. 
A sub-grant or charter, on the 1st December, 1631, was made by 
the Plymouth Council, as I have before stated, to Robert Trelawny 
and Moses Goodyeare, merchants of Plymouth, of the Island of 
Richmond, comprising on the mainland the whole southern part of 
Cape Elizabeth to Casco Bay, including the site of the modern 
city of Portland, in the State of Maine ; John Winter, one of the 
adventurers to the amount of a tenth, was appointed the principal 
agent, and the patent was sent over to him. The first duty of the 
grave and discreet John Winter, after taking possession on the 
21st July, 1632, was to eject two English squatters — Richard 
Tucker and George Cleeves — from the mouth of the Spurwick 
river. Faithfully he promoted the interests of his patron and 
discharged his trust, opening up a considerable trade, principally in 
pipe-staves (for the making of large barrels, which they sold for 
£8 6s. a 1000), fish, beaver-skins, oil, &c. The fishing station 
was large, employing sixty men, and the trade was carried on by 
ships called the Agnes, the Richmond, the Hercules, and the 
Margery. The imports were wines, liquors, guns, ammunition, and 
articles necessary for the Indian trade, and to sustain the colony. 
But as time went on one of these ships at least was taken off from 
American trade, for among the notices in the State papers in the 
Public Record office is the following : " These are to certify that 
there is landed at Falmouth to his Maties use out of ye Richmond^ 
