206 JOURNAL OP THE PLYMOUTH INSTITUTION. 
recorded in Domesday as having existed, either here or elsewhere, 
in this neighbourhood — a singular fact. Passing over Egg Buck- 
land, as already mentioned, we have the manor of Torneberie 
(Thombury), held by A lured under the Count of Moreton, and 
previously the land of AlcherL 
The three extensive manors of Bickleigh, Buckland Monachorum, 
and Sampford Spiney (Bichelie, Bocheland, and Sanford), were 
to a large extent coincident with the present parishes of that name, 
and, like Stoke Damerel, had owned Brismar for their Saxon lord. 
They passed together to William of Pollei. He retained the two 
former in his own hands, and the third was held under him by 
Robert. All three had so largely increased in value (in each case 
the value had doubled) so as to suggest here also either that 
Brismar was a very stupid or a very easy-going sort of landowner, 
or William a very clever or a very hard one. William kept them 
well stocked. Bickleigh had no less than 146 sheep, beside fourteen 
goats ; and its fishery in the Plym was worth five shillings a year, 
against a total annual value of forty. Buckland was even more 
important. It had the largest enumerated population of any manor 
in the district — twelve serfs, twenty-four villeins, and ten bordars, 
and it possessed both a salt-work and a fishery (in the Tavy) worth 
ten shillings a year. The stock comprised twenty beasts, forty 
swine, and 130 sheep, and it was worth 100 shillings annually. 
Sampford, then as now, was a place of comparatively little im- 
portance. 
I have said that these three manors probably corresponded very 
nearly with the modern parishes ; but there were some other manors 
of minor importance within their area. Possibly we shall not err 
in identifying the Bichecome of Robert of Albemarle with Bick- 
ham, and the Cumbe, held by Reginald under the Count of 
Moreton, with one of the local Combes, though it seems almost 
hopeless as a general rule to attempt to connect the Combes and 
Lees, and other frequently occurring titles of the Survey, with 
places bearing such names now. 
]SText to Sanford comes Wicerce (Whitchurch), the only place in 
the district under review giving indication in its name of Christian 
surroundings. It had been the property of Sawin, but had passed 
to Ruald Adobed, the owner of Tamarlande, and, as the fact of 
the existence of a church would almost necessarily indicate, was 
populous — the inhabitants mustering 43 all told. Tavistock was 
