42 
JOURNAL OF THE PLYMOUTH INSTITUTION. 
Rame Head, so the Lery is the " lesser water " in contrast with the 
Meavy or Mewy. 
But our Keltic names are not confined to our rivers. There can 
be no question that the derivation suggested by the Eev. W. Beal, 
for Kinterbury, is correct, and that we have here the word ceann, 
cant, " a headland," which gave name to Kent, and which occurs 
also elsewhere in the county ; i.e. at Countisbury, and Kentisbury 
— other forms of Canterbury — and at Kentisbeare. Pennycome- 
quick is with equal certainty "the head of the creek valley;" 
Pen-y-cwm-cuick. Penny cross = Pen-y-craes, "the head of the 
cross." Manaton = Maen-y-dun, " the stony hill." But I 
hesitate to accept Mr. Beal's ingenious suggestion that Knackers- 
knowle should read Na-caer-ill, "the hill camp ;" or, Cnoc-cair-coill, 
" the grove camp." Knowle is a good old Saxon word for a small 
rounded hill ; and we have Honicknowle also to account for. Can 
these be two names of possession with a Keltic element ? Dinna- 
combe, in Cornwood, gives us (Unas, "a fortress." Goodameavy is 
" the wood of the Meavy " — coed = wood. We have Peuquite in 
Modbury = pen-coed, "the head of the wood;" and Good-a-moor 
is either "the moorland wood," or "the great wood" if moor here 
= mawr. Fenton in Plympton is pure Kornu for " a spring " or 
well ; and " Voss " in the same parish = Kornu for " maid." 
Goosewell seems so simple that one hesitates to suggest gosys, 
"bloody;" but we have often to distrust the very obvious. Pen 
Beacon everyone will recognize as Keltic in its first word. Shell 
Top was once called Pen Shiel ; and here we have in addition to 
pen, the Norse shiel, "a shed or dwelling." 
Whitsand = Wliite-s&nd ; but what of Cawsand and Kingsand 
where there is no sand, and Bovisand where there is scarce any 1 
Sand in these cases probably stands for the Kornu zawn, "a little 
cove or creek." Cors-zawn would = "the creek by the moor;" 
Cein-zawn, " the creek by the ridge," if Kingsand is an old name, 
which is doubtful. And Bovisand? — bod is Kornu for house = "the 
creek of the house." Rame has been derived from a fancied resem- 
blance to the head of a ram. Mr. Beal made it "the high projecting 
headland." There is a tempting derivation in the provincial use of 
the word ream, "to stretch." Cremyll, which Mr. Beal reads "the 
hill of Crom," I make "the crooked or bent hill ; " crom = crooked. 
Bear in mind that the true Cremyll is on this side of the water, at 
the place we now call Devil's Point, from the old Huguenot 
