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JOURNAL OF THE PLYMOUTH INSTITUTION. 
considerably in their age, and of different species. Of smaller 
ruminants there were imperfect remains apparently of a deer, and 
others belonging to very young animals, probably of a calf or fawn. 
Of the horse there were bones and teeth of twelve or more indi- 
viduals, as if from more than one species, and some from the worn 
state of the teeth very aged. Five or six individual hyaenas of 
various ages were represented, with a portion of a skull and lower 
jaw twice as large as that of a full-grown hyaena of the present day. 
Of the wolf there were the bones of five individuals ; of the fox 
only a few vertebrae and two canines of the lower jaw. Some of 
these bones were sent up as late as November 9th by Mr. Whidbey, 
who then stated that they would probably be the last.* 
In the interim Oreston had been visited by Dr. Buckland, who 
had been working at the Kirkdale cavern, discovered in the previous 
year, and by Mr. Cottle, of Bristol. Dr. Buckland states that 
Mr. Whidbey had collected fifteen large maund baskets full of 
bones before his arrival, and that he saw appearances of as many 
more undisturbed in the upper parts of the cavity whence the 
others had been taken. They had apparently been " washed down 
from above at the same time with the mud and fragments of lime- 
stone, through which they are dispersed. . . . They were entirely 
without order, and not in entire skeletons ; occasionally fractured, 
but not rolled ; apparently drifted, but to a short distance from the 
spot in which the animals died."f 
Mr. Cottle made a very large collection, in the course of which 
he added the lion to the Oreston fauna, by the discovery of two 
canines of what was then called " tiger." In the following year 
the other caves of the series were reached. They contained " the 
remains of the wolf exclusively," the whole of which fell into the 
hands of Mr. Cottle, who visited Plymouth again that summer. 
In two days he obtained forty wolf jaws ; while he was told by 
the workmen that before they knew these remains had any value, 
they had thrown away as much as two cartloads. His general 
collection, as the result of the two visits, was described by him as 
consisting of: — 500 bones from the tiger to the hare; 1000 fragments 
without direct character ; 250 vertebrae ; 26 skulls and portions of 
* Clift, op. ext. Cited " Devon. Assoc. Trans.," vol. v. part i. pp. 258-9. A 
few small fragments of shell apparently allied to ostrea, and having a recent 
aspect, were also found. 
f "Reliquiae Diluvianae," p. 69-70. Cited "Devon Assoc Trans.," vol. v. 
part i. pp. 261, 262. 
