THE BONE CAVES OF THE PLYMOUTH DISTRICT. 
93 
skulls j 3 horn cores (bull) ; 80 fragments of osseous breccia ; 
1 mass of album grcRCum ; 147 jaws — 2 tiger [lion], 5 hysena, 
86 wolf, 8 fox, 32 horse, 5 bull, 6 deer, 1 boar, 2 hare; 1587 
teeth — 11 tiger [lion], 35 hysena, 225 wolf, 6 fox, 800 horse, 400 
bull, 100 deer, 5 hare, 2 water-rat, 3 weasel. 
There are many fragments of this period in our Museum, besides 
some bones of more importance. No doubt the collection was once of 
greater value. There are two cards stating that the bones in certain 
drawers had been examined and marked by Dr. Buckland,* which 
is true of those that remain in two or three instance only. 
Up to this date, with the exception of the rhinoceros, we have 
no record of the occurrence of the larger mammals. Mr. J. C. 
Bellamy stated in 1835, however, that he had seen bones of the 
elephant and of the hippopotamus which had been discovered at 
Oreston, f while in 1839 he claimed to have had such specimens in 
his possession. { He had not examined the caves himself ; but his 
words, " I have seen both of these [elephant and hippopotamus], and 
likewise fragments of the skeleton of rhinoceros from thence, pro- 
cured in 1822," may be fairly taken to imply that they formed part 
of that find. Otherwise I should be inclined to assume that they 
were portions of a more recent discovery; nor on the other supposi- 
tion is it easy to understand how they could have escaped the 
trained eyes of Dr. Buckland and Mr. Clift, to say nothing of 
zealous Mr. Cottle. Of the hippopotamus we have heard nothing 
since ; but the occurrence of the mammoth has been clearly 
established. § 
* Cottle's "Malvern Hills and Essays." Third Essay, on the Oreston Caves. 
Cited "Devon. Assoc. Trans.," vol. v. part i. pp. 267-281. Mr. Cottle 
deposited a portion of his collection in the Bristol Museum, where it now 
remains. 
f Writing under the nom de plume of Philophysicus, " South Devon 
Monthly Museum," vol. vi. p. 221. Cited "Devon. Assoc. Trans.," vol. v. 
part i. p. 284. % " Nat. Hist. South Devon.," p. 82. 
§ Claringhull (" Guide to the Breakwater," p. 37), whose father was 
government surveyor of the Breakwater, states distinctly that teeth of the 
elephant and hippopotamus, with fragments of the skeleton of the rhinoceros, 
were found in 1822. He wrote in 1810. The collection of Messrs. J. C and 
P. F. Bellamy is now deposited in King's College, London. Professor 
Bentley, Dean of the Medical Faculty, who kindly examined it at my 
request, has informed me that neither the mammoth nor the hippopotamus 
is represented. It seems very clear therefore that Mr. Bellamy was in 
error. Mr. Claringhull evidently in this matter followed him. 
