THE BONE CAVES OF THE PLYMOUTH DISTRICT. 
105 
hewn away, revealing fissures in which bones in small quantity- 
were found. The remains included those of deer (Cervus elaphus) 
and horse. Some of the bones were obtained by Mr. Codnor, of 
Morice Town, and a cervine tooth, found by him, has been pre- 
sented to our Museum by the Kev. W. Sharman. 
The fissures at Catted own have yielded bones, but only occasion- 
ally and in small quantity. We have in our Museum a fragment 
found sixty feet deep, in clay, presented by Mr. Sparrow. 
The accompaniments and investments of the bones have varied 
greatly. Few have been found in what may be regarded, in the 
special sense of that term, as cave earth. Mr. "WTiidbey's first find 
was imbedded in solid clay; his second lay on a thin bed of dry 
clay in the bottom of the cavern ; some of the third adhered to 
the walls of the cavity, others were covered with dirt, and part 
were lying on the dirt and in crevices ; to which Mr. Clift adds : 
" Some of the bones . . . which lay on and near the surface 
of the clay have acquired a thin crust of stalagmite . . . the 
greater number were imbedded in the stiff clay, which adhered so 
firmly to them that many were broken by the workmen in sepa- 
rating them from the matrix."* Dr. Bucklandt describes the 
bones of 1822 as " lodged in irregular heaps in the lowest pits [of 
a "deep hole nearly perpendicular"], and in cavities along the lateral 
enlargements of this hole, and mixed with mud, pebbles, and 
fragments of limestone ; " while Mr. Cottle, referring to the dis- 
coveries of the following year, mentions that in two days forty 
jaws of the wolf were found imbedded in clay, while in another 
cave without clay two hundred phalanges of the wolf were found 
"in parallel rows," beneath a large stone which had fallen from the 
roof; the remaining bones in this particular cavity having been 
united by stalagmitic matter with limestone fragments into a 
breccia. However, in the principal cave, where the bottom was 
covered with a stratum of red clay, "the greater portion of the 
bones lay promiscuously scattered over the surface of the clay, or 
had but partly sunk into it. "J The Eev. E. Hennah says the 
bones of 1822 were "enveloped in a mass of apparently black 
mould and clay," and in some cases brecciated.§ The bones of 
* Op. cit. Cited "Devon. Assoc. Trans.," vol. v. part i. pp. 254-256. 
f Op. cit. Cited "Devon. Assoc. Trans ," vol. v. part i. p. 264. 
X Op. cit. Cited "Devon Assoc. Trans.," vol. v. parti, pp. 269-270. 
§ "Lime Rocks of Plymouth." Cited "Devon Assoc. Trans.," vol. v. 
part i. p. 282. 
