294 
TRANSACTIONS OP THE PLYMOUTH INSTITUTION. 
an obstacle, it is no wonder that the salmon and peel should pause 
for a time in the quiet depths of the great pool before hazarding 
an attempt. 
The first stage of the ascent is sufficiently easy. Eising perpen- 
dicularly through a depth of twelve or thirteen feet, the athletic fish 
springs some four or five feet in the air, and descends on the first 
ledge. Exposed here to the full force of the falling water, the 
usual result is, that before recovery is possible the adventurous 
voyager is roughly hurled back into the depths below. 
Nothing dismayed, attempt follows attempt, until at last some 
mysterious finhold is obtained upon the rock or water, and, half 
swimming, half leaping, with swift strokes of its powerful tail, 
the undaunted salmo literally scales the waterfall, and attains the 
pool above. 
In flood-time lesser streamlets trickle over the surface of the 
rock, and by these peel, even as small as three-quarters of a pound 
in weight, contrive to ascend. There is no living creature that 
for pluck and perseverance can excel a salmon. 
On the hills above the river are scattered some few remains of 
early habitation. On the plateau which extends to the north of 
Shaugh Beacon are a few hut-circles, which present no unusual 
features. 
The summit of the Dewerstone hill has been fortified, as the 
foundations of many walls attest. Across the neck of land 
between this and Wigford Down a pair of walls some twelve feet 
apart are still traceable, and behind these the remains of another, 
which apparently once completely surrounded the summit of 
the hill. 
On Wigford Down are a number of small cairns of stones, of 
which the origin and use cannot now be decided ; possibly they 
may be sepulchral, possibly the result of some attempt to rid the 
land of rocks prior to cultivation. If the latter, then singularly 
unsuccessful ; for in this land if you move one stone you merely 
disclose another. Excavation might settle the nature of these 
relics. Near the angle of Cadworthy Farm is a kistvaen, the 
cover-stone of which measures four feet by four feet, and still 
rests on one of the sides. A circle of about twenty feet diameter 
of large stones surrounds it, and near by, to the north, stand 
two more circles, in one of which are what may be the remains 
of another kistvaen, while the other is an undoubted hut-circle. 
