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JOURNAL OF THE PLYMOUTH INSTITUTION. 
not to my mind unphilosophical. The Cornish showed sense in 
using it thus. 
The Cornish verb was like the Armoric in many points. It could 
be conjugated in three modes — (1) The inflected conjugation ; (2) 
The impersonal conjugation, the third person being only used, and 
the true person marked by pronouns; (3) The auxiliary verb used. 
There were five tenses in Cornish — I. The present or future 
(both confused together. IST.B. — The Welsh future is used also as 
the present.) II. Imperfect or secondary present (optative). 
III. The preterite. IV. The pluperfect (secondary perfect of 
Zeuss, used as conditional in Cornish. V. Subjunctive present or 
future. Infinitive sometimes is a mere root. 
I. Caraf = Ceryn. 
Ceryth = Carough. 
Car = Carons. 
Like most Aryan languages, the Cornish had two roots for the 
verb "to be." 
a. As, the Sanscrit asmi ; Latin, sum ; Slav., jestem ; Eng., as. 
Be, Sans.; Latin, fin; Slav., bye; Eng., be, was. 
It is curious that the arrangement of these two roots is very 
like what it is in Slavonic. 
e.g. As is the root used for the present tense. 
Let us compare Cornish : 
Of = 1 am. (Query. Om by Celtic mutation of.) 
Os =thou art. 
Yn — he is. 
On = you are. 
Ough = you are. 
Tns = they are; Slav., sa ; Latin, sunt. 
The verb "to have' 1 was expressed as in some Cymric languages 
by cafus= " to take," or else by the same form as we see in French 
in C'est a mo I ; e.g. Est pro habeo. We still see this aversion to 
the use of have among the Cornish people in the occasional use of 
"It belongs to me" for " I have." There is another instance of 
the retention of Cornish syntax in an Anglicized form of the ex- 
pression, "Put him to a place." This, in Old Cornish, was "gora." 
"To put" is still used for "to lead." Probably the difficulty of 
finding the way in the country caused this expression. 
