110 JOURNAL OF THE PLYMOUTH INSTITUTION. 
Celtic or Korse type, according to conflicting authorities. Also 
"bone and stone spindle whorls; bone shuttles, plain or orna- 
mented with incised lines and dots ; needles and pins of bone 
and bronze ; part of a netting needle ; bone fish-hooks ; a piece of 
stag's horn, apparently prepared for a hammer; bone spoons carved 
in the handle and with an oval hole in the bowl ; and iron nails ; 
bone lance-heads ; part of the ivory hilt of a Eoman sword ; two 
buttons, being discs of pottery, but not bored in the middle, one 
of these being of Samian ware ; frogs — for fastening leather clothes 
— of bone pierced in the centre at right angles to the axis of the 
bone, and from some of which an incised pattern of diagonal 
parallel lines has been nearly worn away, presumably by the fric- 
tion of an upper garment; a leg bone of an ox polished in the 
middle but rough at each end, perhaps used for dressing skins by 
dragging them to and fro over the surface ; a block of stone scored 
with grooves in sharpening tools, and another having on it a rude 
square figure, apparently for some game. The relic-bed is full of 
charcoal, and a fire-place of grit-stones was found, and some 
rounded river pebbles, showing marks of fire, which may have 
been used as ''pot-boilers," others seem to have been meant for 
hammers, possibly for opening shell-fish and smashing bones to 
get at the marrow. Some long undressed stone slabs were found 
arranged like a grave, but no body was inside. 
The lecturer suggested that as all the fauna found are yet extant 
in Europe, the remains did not probably go back beyond 5,000 
years. The human remains on the red clay he referred to a tempo- 
rary occupation by hunters, while the more numerous remains of 
human habitation in the relic-bed, he referred, in part to the times 
of confusion at the termination of the Eoman occupation of Britain, 
when the unchecked incursions of the Picts and Scots may have 
compelled the inhabitants of the low country about Settle — where 
Roman remains have been found — to take refuge with some of 
their metal ornaments in the caves so numerous in this part of 
Yorkshire. 
