Forest and stream. 
437 
/ 
Sept, io, 1910 .] 
clay about the side until the desired position is 
obtained. The clay immediately beneath the 
tins and tail should be smooth and at a height 
sufficient to permit the latter to be distended 
upon it, when, if necessary, they may be made 
secure by the use of insect pins. After apply¬ 
ing over the entire surface of the fish a very 
thin coat of stearin dissolved in kerosene, care¬ 
fully wipe with a soft cloth to remove any ex¬ 
cess of oil. 
A clay dam is now constructed about the 
specimen to the height of an inch or two 
above the highest point of the latter, and an 
equal distance from its outer edge; then the 
glue may be flowed. The glue should be poured 
directly upon the specimen, but very slowly, 
otherwise air spaces may occur. This is allowed 
to stand for a few hours, or until thoroughly 
chilled, when the clay dam may be removed 
and an inch of plaster spread over the entire 
surface of the mold. This acts as a “case” and 
holds the mold in its proper form during the 
later stages of the work. 
Take the mold from the case, arid, by slight 
manipulation, the specimen is removed without 
damage to either. Thoroughly work talcum 
powder into the mold, with a soft brush, to re¬ 
move the oily surface, and immerse in a 5 per 
cent, solution of formalin (measuring the latter 
as if 100 per cent.) for five minutes. The sur¬ 
face of the glue is thus hardened, and only re¬ 
quires a few minutes in water,' heated to a tem¬ 
perature of about ioo° F., to prevent a too sud¬ 
den chilling of the wax. Remove 1 the excess of 
water with a soft sponge, and, after quickly 
applying a very thin coat of oil, the mold is 
ready for filling. 
The transparency of the specimen must gov¬ 
ern the composition of the wax for casting, but 
the following formula will prove generally use¬ 
ful. Melt in the double boiler one pound of 
paraffin to four pounds of bleached beeswax, to 
which add one teaspoonful of Canada balsam, 
or Venetian turpentine, to each pound of wax. 
Color with oil, tube colors, to the lightest tint 
of the ground color of the specimen. 
As the fins and tails of fishes need strength¬ 
ening, fill the mold and, after allowing it to 
stand a minute or two, empty it of all the wax 
except the thin film which will have formed 
over the surface, and while still hot press a 
single thickness of bolting cloth along the fins 
and tail; also add a silk covered wire at the 
spines, dashing a small quantity of wax over 
all to keep in position, when the mold should 
be again filled. The entire cast may be given 
additional strength by applying one or two 
coats of the cloth over the entire surface. 
The principal care to be exercised in this 
work is in the flowing of the wax. There 
should be no splashing and the stream should 
be steady and constant, otherwise “water 
marks” and other possible defects will result. 
Haste to remove the cast from the mold 
should be avoided, and under n.o circumstances 
should artificial means for cooling be employed, 
but the mold should be allowed to stand un 
disturbed until the wax is cold. 
In pouring the wax into molds that present 
deep depressions or offsets, it is often neces¬ 
sary to resort to tilting or rolling the mold to 
insure the proper filling, and this should be 
done as the wax is deposited. It is advisable 
after such a mold is full to pour out a part of 
the wax and turn the mold at various angles 
to remove possible air bubbles, after which it 
is refilled. 
In most instances the mold is easily taken 
from the cast: but when deep undercuts are 
present the glue can be removed by cutting 
away in snjall sections or. more often, by 
merely splitting down the center. This is rec¬ 
ommended when there are delicate parts which 
need care. A saving of material may be ac¬ 
complished by inserting a rough form of wood 
and filling the intervening space with melted 
wax. 
With fishes presenting a strong contrast of 
color, excellent results are obtained by tinting 
wax the several colors represented and applying 
each in its relative position with a soft brush. 
1 o do this properly, the mold must first be im¬ 
mersed in water slightly warmer than the tem- 
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American Big Game in Its Haunts. 
The Book of the Boone and Crockett Club. Editor, 
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Contents: Sketch of President Roosevelt; Wilderness 
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