FOREST AND STREAM. 
513 
Sept. 24, 1910.] 
AMERICAN FISHES IN AUSTRIAN 
WATERS. 
Continued from page 501. 
an exotic weakness, which had been entirely un¬ 
foreseen. The most unpleasant phenomenon for 
the breeder is the increasing spread of anaemia, 
which frequently causes great losses. The extra¬ 
ordinary weakness becomes manifest in the death 
of numerous fish through simple sorting opera¬ 
tions, the clearing out of ponds, or short trans¬ 
portation. Quite frequently examination of the 
dead fish reveals no other symptoms but those 
of a greater or less poorness of blood. The fish 
are pale, particularly in the gills, the regular 
color of which ought to be a very bright red. 
The internal organs are also pale, and the liver 
yellow. This organ frequently shows fatty de¬ 
generation and is interspersed with hemorrhages, 
as the result of ruptures of the sides of the 
vessels. Searches for any other causes, , such as 
parasites, have proved unsuccessful. Conse¬ 
quently anaemia must be regarded as a symptom 
of general deterioration of the breed. As a rule 
these symptoms become visible in the second 
year, and it may be that frequently the death of 
the fry as well as the outbreak of dropsy of the 
yolk sacs is due to this circumstance. As a mat¬ 
ter of course such fish are not very well qualified 
to act later as mother fish, as they give bad eggs 
and sometimes remain sterile because of degen¬ 
eration of the sexual organs. Undoubtedly the 
unfitness of the rainbow trout for acclimatization 
here is the cause of this degeneration. The con¬ 
ditions in which the fish liveS in its native coun¬ 
try, where it migrates even at the spawning time, 
are, it appears, different from those in Austria. 
It may therefore be truly said that the rainbow 
trout is decreasing at a rapid rate and before long 
will disappear from our ponds, unless there is a 
speedy introduction of fresh blood by the impor¬ 
tation of eggs from America. In the unfortu¬ 
nately somewhat limited number of brooks and 
small rivers which for some time have been 
stocked with widens in a regular and rational 
manner, a good stock has developed which spawn 
in open water and multiply in a natural way, al¬ 
though not in great numbers. These do not show 
any of the symptoms of degeneration of the pond 
and fattened fish of this species. 
Not less valued than the rainbow trout was the 
American brook char, Salvelimis fontinalis. It is 
true it was less utilized than the widens, as it can 
only live in spring water; its breeding gave very 
satisfactory results, however, in the first years 
after its introduction. Not inferior to the iridens 
as regards early growth, it behaved excellently, 
even in ponds watered exclusively by precipita¬ 
tion of the atmosphere and it appeared as though 
the brook char might be qualified to replace our 
brook trout, whose breeding offers far greater 
difficulties. In the course of time, however, these 
sanguine expectations gave place to bitter disap¬ 
pointment, and it became obvious that all the 
hopes entertained were chimerical. 
Even before birth the char causes great trouble. 
The losses in eggs are enormous, as despite 
scrupulous attention at spawning time the num¬ 
ber of sterile eggs is great beyond measure, and 
miscarriages are far more frequent than with 
other fish. On the other hand, it is true that the 
bringing-up of the brood gives very little trouble. 
The small fish take artificial food very early and 
in autumn the pond is alive with fry. But soon 
an unpleasant feature becomes visible, viz., pre- 
1683 ex 1700=99 per cent. 
A Remarkable Record 
Made by E. F. FORSGARD of Waco, Texas 
l he above shooting was all done at Registered 
Tournaments and on Regulation Targets. Mr. 
Forsgard, in making the record, used both 
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