Nov. 26, 1910.] 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
875 
States there were great numbers of quail. 
These birds sportsmen may bring back, in large 
measure, if they care to; but they .cannot do 
this by killing them at every opportunity. All 
these birds are prolific and probably all can 
be hand-reared. If this can be done, they may 
be turned out in numbers on game refuges— 
if these shall be established—and if absolutely 
protected there, will soon spread themselves 
over the surrounding country. They must be 
protected, however, alike against the gunner 
and against the attacks of their natural enemies. 
It is not yet fully known what might be done 
with our grouse and quail, but the experiments 
of Prof. C. F. Hodge, of Worcester, with the 
ruffed grouse and bobwhite, justify the belief 
that all grouse may be reared in confinement. 
A short period of experimentation by men in¬ 
terested in the subject will probably result in 
the semi-domestication of practically all the 
American grouse. These birds, so reared in 
their natural ranges and then set free in 
refuges, would restock covers now barren. The 
process of restocking could be kept up in¬ 
definitely, and after a time at a very modest 
cost. If one-half as much time and money had 
been expended in attempts to domesticate or 
' hand-rear some of our native species as has 
been devoted to the importation and rearing of 
exotic forms, the problem of our game supply 
would now be much simpler than it is. 
With the Limicoline birds the case is some¬ 
what different. No experience has been had with 
them, and nothing is known about confining them 
or inducing them to breed in confinement. On the 
other hand, as migratory birds they are exposed 
to the gunner only for a short time, and then 
pass on to sections less thickly settled, and 
where, therefore, the dangers are less. 
In the United States most of the efforts to 
rear game birds have been devoted to foreign 
species, but to this rule the State of Massa¬ 
chusetts is a notable exception. On its public 
game farm it has for several years consistently 
tried to rear quail and ruffed grouse, and 
though not altogether successful, much experi¬ 
ence has been gained. 
It was left to another Massachusetts man, 
Dr. Clifton F. Hodge, working from pure love 
of his task, to accomplish the greatest results. 
The work done by the Massachusetts Com¬ 
missioners of Fisheries and Game, and by Dr. 
Hodge, is set forth at some length in the Re¬ 
ports of the Massachusetts Commissioners for 
the years 1907 and 1908. 
In 1907 the efforts of the Massachusetts Com¬ 
missioners to rear ruffed grouse in confine¬ 
ment resulted in little more than the acquisition 
of some experience as to what not to do. It 
was learned, for one thing, that the males are 
extremely disposed to fight. During the winter, 
in a pen for three young birds one male killed 
another with which it had grown up. Even 
during the mating season there was need of 
great care lest the male kill the female. His 
attacks on the females caused them great alarm, 
since it was impossible for them to escape from 
the cage, and they hurt themselves in their ef¬ 
forts to do so. In fact, it was not safe to put 
the male in the coop for mating without closely 
watching him, and it was necessary to remove 
him almost at once. 
The birds in the coops of the commission 
soon became noticeably unafraid. They paid 
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THE NARRATIVE OF A SPORTSMAN 
INTER-OCEAN HUNTING TALES 
EDGAR F. RANDOLPH 
A series of hunting reminiscences of rare charm for the sportsman and for 
the wider circle which delights in true tales of outdoor life. With none of the high 
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Cloth, 170 Pages. Richly Illustrated. Postpaid, $1.00. 
FOREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING COMPANY, 127 Franklin Street, NEW YORK 
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