12 
H. C. Agricultural Experiment Station 
known as the pro-pupa, but later they are very definitely outlined, and 
the minute insect resembles the adult very closely. This stage is known 
as the pupa. The pupa soon changes to an adult with legs, antennae, 
wings, and eyes fully developed. It emerges from under the scale cover¬ 
ing and flies away to mate with the developing females, after which 
it dies. 
ACTIVE YOUNG 
Description. The active young gloomy scale (Fig. 6) is a minute 
six-legged insect, provided with a pair of antennae and a pair of eyes. 
The general color is pale straw-yellow, with the eyes dark brown. 
Length .244 mm., width .166. The general shape of the body is 
broadly oval, with legs, antennae, and posterior spines showing conspicu¬ 
ously. The body is plainly segmented, showing seven evident segments. 
The head bears the antennae, which are four-jointed. The first joint is 
about twice as long as the second and third together. The second and 
third are sub-equal. The fourth is about three times as long as the first, 
second, and third together, and is indistinctly annulate. There is a 
strong spine on the mesial border of the basal segment and two long 
spines on the apex of the fourth joint. 
Habits. The active young are minute six-legged insects of a pale 
straw color. They are provided with a pair of dark-colored eyes and a 
pair of antennae. The active young of the gloomy scale are born alive, 
but in a rather inactive condition. They usually remain under the scale 
