THE CAUSATIVE ORGANISM 
The causative organism of avian typhoid received its first designation from 
Klein in 1889, the organism being known as Bacillus gallinarum, or Klein’s 
bacillus. Moore, in 1895, isolated an organism from an outbreak which he 
called “Infectious Leukemia,” and designated the causative organism Bac¬ 
terium sanguinarium. This designation was adopted by Moore with reference 
to Migulas classification of bacteria, based on the absence of motility, the 
specific name sanguinarium being suggested because the most conspicuous 
lesion in fowls affected with the disease was in the blood. Moore’s organism 
and that of Klein later proved to be the same. Pfeiler and Rehse, in 1913, 
designated what probably was the avian typhoid organism as Bacterium typhi 
gallinarum alcalifacians. 
In 1917-20 the Society of American Bacteriologists adopted the classification 
of Bergey and his collaborators, and designated the causative organism of 
avian typhoid as Eberthella sanguinaria (Moore), by which name it is now 
recognized by the American School. 
