18 
North Carolina Experiment Station 
Production of Indole.—There is a slight production of indole in some 
instances with the Salkowski test, but no reaction with the vanillin test, nor 
with the Ehrlich method. The Salkowski reaction, however, is not consistent. 
Moore (23) obtained a distinct reaction with the Kitasato method, but Smith 
and Ten Broeck, Muslow, and Hadley failed to obtain positive tests for indole. 
Chromogenisis.—The organism is non-chromogenic on agar and gelatin. 
There is usually a yellowish-brown coloration of the growth on potato. 
Relation to Oxygen.—On glucose agar shakes, there is a fairly heavy 
surface growth present in 24 hours. 
Milk.—Milk is rendered acid during the first few days, after which 
alkali formation is noted. The reaction is variable, especially in the time 
needed to form alkali. The tests were conducted with 1.0 per cent of a 0.5 
per cent solution of brom cresol purple, and with litmus solution. 
Nitrate Reduction.—-Heavy reduction of nitrates was noted on nitrate 
agar and in nitrate broth after 48 hours of incubation. There was no gas 
formation. This finding is opposed to that of Hadley (10), but in accordance 
with that of Rettger and Koser (26). 
Hydrolysis of Starch.—There is a slight diastatic reaction on starch 
agar plates in 48 hours, the zone of reduction varying in size, but being small 
on the average. 
Effects of Disinfectants.—E. sanguinaria is killed in dilutions of 1:1000 
phenol, and in 1:20,000 HgCb. 
Effects of Dessication.—The organism on glass rods immersed in bouil¬ 
lon cultures retains its vitality in the dark up to 89 hours, but loses it in the 
light in less than 30 hours. 
Longevity.—E. sanguinaria will live in distilled water and in tap water 
in the dark for over 20 days, but is killed in the light in the same mediums 
in less than 24 hours. 
Fermentation Studies.—Fermentation studies were carried out with 1 % 
of the carbohydrate or higher alcohol added to beef extract broth according 
to Methods of Pure Culture Study. In Table I the number of strains is indic¬ 
ated. These strains included those from various sections of the United 
States, from England, France, Holland and Belgium, and should be represen¬ 
tative of the specie. The inoculations were incubated for 5 days at 37% 
degrees C. 
Table I 
Effects of E. Sanguinaria on the Various Carbohydrates 
Carbohydrate or 
Humber of 
Gas 
Orig. 
pH After 
Re- 
Higher Alcohol 
Strains 
Prod. 
pH 
5 Days 
(Average) 
action 
Arabinose . 
55 
0 
7.0 
6.4 
Acid 
Dextrin . 
53 
0 
7.0 
6.4 
Acid 
Dextrose .... 
23 
0 
7.0 
6.6 
Acid 
Dulcite . 
54 
0 
7.0 
6.6 
Acid 
Galactose. 
48 
0 
7.0 
6.4 
Acid 
Inulin ... 
52 
0 
7.0 
6.4 
Acid 
Lactose . 
23 
0 
7.0 
7.2 
Alkaline 
Levulose . 
54 
0 
7.0 
6.4 
Acid 
Mannose . 
21 
0 
7.0 
6.2 
Acid 
Maltose ... 
25 
0 
7.0 
5.8 
Acid 
Saccharose . 
54 
0 
7.0 
6.4 
Acid 
Xylose . 
55 
0 
7.0 
6.2 
Acid 
