58 
Worth Carolina Experiment Station 
Gall Bladder.—The gall bladder may or may not be distended. If dis¬ 
tended the condition is due to the accumulation of bile stored after active 
digestion ceases as a result of the disease. Frequency of recovery of sangui- 
narium from the bile is noted in Table VI. 
Intestines.—A condition of suggillation of the intestinal mucosa and 
bowel content may be present (Figure 25). This was found in birds posted 
in the ratio of 39 to 31. The mucosa is usually thickened. The hemorrhagic 
condition is due to injury of the capillary walls by the toxin given off by the 
organisms. Twenty-five shows such a condition of the intestines as found in 
avian typhoid. 
FIG. 23.—GROSS WEIGHT OF SPLEEN IN NORMAL BIRD, AND IN TYPHOID BIRD 
OF SAME WEIGHT 
Reproductive Organs.—In the case of the laying hen, the disease is 
usually so sudden that the ovary still contains yolks well along in their de¬ 
velopment. There is no visible alteration of the testes. The frequency of 
recovery of E. sanguinaria is shown in Table VI. 
The disease is usually accompanied by a loss of body weight. This emacia¬ 
tion is relative to the duration of the disease, and the severity of the attack. 
The physiological reason for this loss of weight is probably due to nutritional 
disturbance, or to metabolic upset, due to the toxic condition of the blood 
which is present in this disease. 
Tabulations of the loss of body weight of birds artificially infected are 
listed in Table VIII. 
