North Carolina Experiment Station 
78 
Kidneys. —Cloudy swelling and areas of focal necrosis are present; 
some cells are in a state of pyknosis; in some areas, the cells leave their 
base, passing to the center, obliterating the lumen; in other areas, the 
nuclei and cells are in a state of disintegration; active and passive congestion 
are present. 
Hematological Studies 
There is a relative decrease in the number of erythrocytes with an abso¬ 
lute leucocytosis ensuing. A differential cell-count shows the lymphocytes 
running as low as 5 per cent and the polymorphonuclear leucocytes as high 
as 95 per cent. There is a decided lack of coagulability of the blood, and 
the hemoglobin is reduced. 
Figure 33 shows a composite graph of the blood in the diseases of avian 
typhoid and avian cholera. 
