The Bulletin 
25 
Of these 50 bags, 38 were later removed because they contained no 
fruits. Twelve bags contained one or more fruits, and from these 142 
seeds were secured. These seeds will be duly planted, and the colors of 
the resulting seedlings were well watched with keen interest. * 
Y. CORRELATION BETWEEN TYPE OF STAMEN AND CHARACTER OF POLLEN 
and Between Size of Plower Cluster and Character of 
Pollen. 
The theory that the reflexed type of stamen in Yitis is usually asso¬ 
ciated with degenerate, impotent pollen, and with complete or nearly 
complete self-sterility, is generally conceded by most of the present-day 
investigators. In like manner the corollary of this theory, that upright 
stamens are generally an index of normal viable pollen and self-fertility, 
is also recognized [Dorsey (2), Hedrick and Anthony (3), and Beach 
( 6 )]- 
While this correlation between type of stamen and character of pollen 
holds quite true (Plates III and IY), the numerical relations that exist 
between viable and defective pollen grains in the same flower seem to 
be more or less variable. 
Booth (7) says, in effect, that among garden varieties of grapes one 
can find, with the aid of a microscope, a whole series that produce more 
or less defective pollen. The percentage of this defective pollen in such 
varieties ranges all the way from almost none in the self-fertile varie¬ 
ties to 100 per cent in those that are self-sterile. What relation the 
amount of this defective pollen hears to the type of stamen by which it 
was produced, he does not make clear. 
Hedrick and Anthony (3) have successfully crossed cultivated or 
garden varieties of Euvitis where both of the parents bore the reflexed 
type of stamen. The same authors have grown numbers of seedlings 
from such varieties when close pollinated, all of which goes to show that 
some normal pollen grains are frequently and habitually produced by 
some varieties that have tlie reflexed type of stamen. 
While such varieties of grapes produce some viable pollen grains, not 
enough of these are formed, however, to class such vines among the 
perfectly self-fertile varieties. Barring the effects of ravaging diseases 
and other external factors, the looseness of a fruit cluster frequently is 
an indicator of the production of an insufficient amount of viable pollen 
for perfect fertilization. Most of the varieties with the reflexed type 
of stamen, however, are completely self-sterile, a fact which is due to 
their defective and degenerate pollen. This is probably more true of 
wild vines of the native species than of most garden varieties which are 
representative of hybridization and selection. Booth (7) says: “In 
* Since the manuscript of this bulletin was prepared these 142 seeds have been planted and 
39 seedlings have appeared above ground. Of these, 25 are dark in color and 14 are green. 
The dark seedlings, therefore, are the result of a cross between the light-colored and perfect 
flowered vine with upright stamens and a dark-colored staminate vine. Later on, these dark 
seedlings will be transplanted to the nursery row, and when grown the types of their flowers 
will be duly recorded. 
