The Bulletin 
77 
These were distributed as follows: 53 larvaa died before passing first 
molt, 18 larvae before passing second molt, 14 larvae before passing 
third molt, 14 larvae before passing fourth molt, and 20 larvae before 
passing fifth molt or pupating. This gives a total mortality from egg 
to pupa of slightly more than 43 per cent; figures in every way com¬ 
parable to those above. 
DESCRIPTION OF THE PUPA 
Pupa stout, naked, soiled whitish in color, a typical rhynchorphorus 
pupa with the following minor points (Figs. 48, 49, and 50). 
Ventral view: rostrum stout, reaching between the first pair of tibia, 
with three pairs of prominent tuberculate hairs on the base; antennae 
elbowed, almost equaling the front femora; eyes not prominent; legs 
sub-equal in length, the hind pair covered by the wings, each femora 
with a stout hair near its distal end, tarsi not distinctly jointed, wings 
with prominent longitudinal ridges; five stout tuberculate hairs on the 
eighth ventral segment of the abdomen. 
Lateral view: head deflexed ;• prothorax depressed anteriorly, usually 
with two short tuberculate spines, one about middle of anterior half 
and the other about middle of posterior half; prothracic spiracles 
large; wings prominent, curving ventrally between second and third 
pairs of legs, covering basal half of hind femora, with ten prominent 
longitudinal ridges; first six abdominal spiracles rather prominent, the 
others not evident, four long hairs on the dorsal part of the eighth 
abdominal segment. 
Dorsal view: head nearly concealed by the prothorax; meso-thorax 
and meta-thorax distinct, the former terminating posteriorly in a 
prominent triangular lobe between the wings; the first to sixth abdom¬ 
inal segments nearly equal in size, with two groups of slender tubercu¬ 
late marginal hairs either side of the median line, the hairs in either 
group about equidistant from each other, four in number; laterally 
there is a single tuberculate hair about mid-distant between the spiracle 
and the marginal group of tuberculate hairs; the seventh abdominal 
segment destitute of hairs save a single lateral pair; the eighth with the 
four pairs of hairs as described above. 
SIZE OF PUF.E 
In all, twenty pupae were measured, selected at random throughout 
the season. Two measurements were taken; the total length measured 
while the pupa was resting on a flat surface and the width across the 
mesothoracic legs measured from patella to patella. These measure¬ 
ments are given in Table XI below. 
The extremes in length being 11.08 mm. and 15.74 mm., the average 
being 12.99 mm. The width varied from 5.08 mm. to 6.43 mm., the 
average being 5.69 mm. 
