You will have to work out the spacing at which to transplant to 
meet your own needs. We use 8x8 inches here in open field transplant¬ 
ing. Closer setting, however, is often used with good results. 
It is best to transplant in several lots over a period of time if 
possible. This will permit some spread of development, in a limited 
way somewhat like making several plantings. By doing so you obtain 
a better spread of sales stock. 
SOIL FERTILITY 
Because of the short root system developed by all Pansies, and the 
very heavy demand they make upon soil for food, it is absolutely 
essential that a good fertility level be supplied if really good plants 
and truly giant flowers are to be grown. Green manures and compost 
are the best Pansy fertalizers. They not only supply the food essent¬ 
ials but also improve the moisture retaining properties of the soil. 
Clovers, Cow Peas, or Soy Beans turned under make an excellent 
soil conditioner and grow some of the finest Pansies we have ever 
seen. Where space does not permit the use of cover crops, compost 
or granulated peat moss may be used to good advantage. 
FERTILIZERS 
Every locality is a soil and fertility problem in its self. For this 
reason we only outline practices that have been found successful in 
average conditions. They may give you an idea for trial that will 
help you to work out a better routine for your conditions. 
Cow manure is undoubtedly the best for universal application. It 
should be as strong as possible but not too fresh. Rotted, it may be 
used very liberally. Sheep and Goat manure can be used with some 
soils while it is not good with others. In its use care should be taken 
not to suffer a nitrogen burn on the plants. Horse manure, if compost¬ 
ed and allowed to rot, makes a good material for some soils. It is 
suggested in composting it that at least half good loam and plant 
fiber be used. Chicken and Rabbit manure should be used sparingly, if 
at all, until you determine how your soil reacts to its use. 
In commercial fertilizers we prefer a 4-12-4 formula for working" 
into the soil at planting time. It is preferable that it be one of the 
mixtures using peat, guano or some other non-lime filler. A little 
trouble has been experienced with gypsum filler. In soils of good humus 
content this formula will give a sturdy plant that winters well. A 
little bone meal may also be used with this fertilizer for the long; 
range development. In spring we find that a little added nitrogen: 
applied just as soon as the plants start new growth, improves the 
quality of the stock and flowers. 
This application may be made by applying 1 pound of Sulphate of 
Ammonia to 150 sq., feet of bed. Broadcast on the beds during a rain 
or apply and sprinkle in. This will prevent danger of nitrogen burn. 
For forcing Pansies, various elements can be used. Blood meal or 
blood and bone meal are valuable for this work and tankage is 
sometimes used with good results. 
INDOOR CULTURE 
In recent years more and more interest has been shown in the 
growing of Pansies as an indoor crop for cut flowers. For this type of 
growing, see our offering of the two HARROLD’S PEDIGREED CUT 
FLOWER PANSIES elsewhere in this catalogue. In any attempt to 
produce this type of stock, a good and suitable strain is a necessary 
beginning. Sow the seeds in July or early August and transplant into 
frames at the proper stage of development. When the weather becomes 
cool in the fall or after Mums are gone these plants may be lifted 
with a large ball of soil and set indoors. 
In growing any Pansies indoors, try and duplicate as nearly as 
you can the conditions out doors in early spring—when Pansies are at 
their finest. Deep loam soil, well fertilized is best. Handle this in 
about the same manner you would for outdoor culture. Pansies do not 
do as well in small greenhouses as the larger type of house. This is 
because of the difficulty usually experienced in maintaining a condition 
simulating outdoors in early spring. They must have a cool, moist 
atmosphere with plenty of ventilation when ever possible. Some 
growers seem able to succeed with them form the start, while others 
never seem to get the proper routine developed. 
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