20 
DEPARTMENT 
In this Handbook will be found only those varieties 
which have been thoroughly tried, tested and found reli¬ 
able and satisfactory in every respect. Everything of¬ 
fered you in this handbook has our hearty endorsement, 
MARSHALLS SELECTED STRAINS 
For fifty years Marshalls have operated large 
orchards in connection with their nurseries. Sixty acres 
of orchards were planted almost 50 years ago and 100 
acres, 20 years ago. These orchards have been very prof¬ 
itable as fruit producers,and invaluable for testing pur¬ 
poses in connection with the nurseries. 
All new varieties of promise in the West and Northwest have also been 
pleinted in the test orchards and their performance watched. Those that are found 
worthy are propagated and offered. 
In all, many hundreds of varieties have been tested and only the best- 
adapted have been retained. From these adapted varieties, certain individual^ 
trees showing better performance and superior fruit have been selected for 
mother trees, and these furnish grafting wood for propagation. 
HARDY NORTHERN ROOTS 
The roots on which Marshalls’ fruit trees are grafted are from seed of 
hardy northern sorts. These roots will not kill out from under hardy varieties 
as is often the case with ordinary trees which are mostly grafted on the more 
tender roots. 
FRUIT 
MARSHALLS FRUIT TREES A YEAR OLDER 
The Marshall way of growing apple and other fruits is what is known as 
"Cut-Back” method. These trees are cut off Just above the ground at onh year 
old. They then make a strong straight growth (up to four feet) the second year, 
with well-developed side buds. The third year certain side buds are selected for 
limbs,auid others are pinched out. These selected buds are well-distributed over 
a long body space providing sufficient space between them so they will not crowd 
each other off when they attain size and age, which is most sure to follow with 
ordinary trees as grown in the ordinary way. This crowding of the limbs causes 
more splitting and crippled trees in the orchard than any other. Our method 
overcomes this. 
No tree is ready for the orchard until it has gone through this careful 
shaping and has the limbs well-spaced and well-established. This can be done 
properly only by the hands of nurserymen who understand the orchard business and 
its problems. 
The first cost of a tree should not count for much as compared with the 
future of the tree and the results which it produces. Read "Hardiness", pages. 
^ APPLES 
The earlier varieties ripen about the last of June, and the later sorts 
can be kept until that season. 
Every farm home should have a family orchard. The hardier varieties will 
thrive and bear fruit in Nebraska and adjoining states even where climatic con¬ 
ditions are most severe. If soil and climatic conditions generally are 
favorable for farm crops like corn, wheat and potatoes, etc.,apples will succeed 
with good care. Clean cultivation with light applications of barnyard manure 
every two or three years gives best results. Inter-cropping except with garden 
crops is not advisable since too much moisture needed by the trees is used by 
inter-crops. Weeds and alfalfa are two of the chief offenders. Orchards should 
not be pastured. 
NEW. QUALITY APPLES ARE NOW AVAILABLE FOR THE NORTHWEST. 
