74 
portions of the branches. As regards mode of branching and spiculation, there is agreement 
with Bourne’s description. The large spindles and the small irregulars are distinctly rougher 
and more substantial than in L. peristyla , but the two species are undoubtedly near one another. 
Other two specimens are nearer to the L. peristyla type of spiculation ; so in this respect we 
have probably to do with a variational or a modificational series. There is notable diversity in 
form of the small capstans, irregular capstans, and brackets. 
The habitat of Bourne’s specimen was unknown. 
2. Lemnalia peristyla Bourne. (Plate XII, Fig. 3 ; Plate XIV, Fig. 6). 
For description see: BOURNE, On the genus Lemnalia, Trans. Linn. Soc. Zool. VII, 1900 
P- 5 2 9 . 3 fi g s - 
Stat. 37. Sailus Ketjil, Paternoster-islands. 27 M. and less. Coral and coralsand. 1 Ex. 
Stat. 43. Sarassa. Up to 36 M. Coral. 1 Ex. 
Stat. 213. Saleyer. Reef. 2 Ex. 
Stat. 299. io°52 / .4S., 123 0 i'.i E. 34 M. Mud, coral and Lithothamnion. 1 Ex. 
A somewhat translucent white colony from Station 299, with faint brown in the polyps, 
rising to a total height of 4.5 cm. From a stem, tapering slightly towards the base, three primary 
branches are given off, which pursue a vertical course for some distance before dividing into 
numerous elongated finger-like branches which may again divide. The anthocodiae are sessile 
and practically cover the surface. Among the larger spicules are (1) elongated fusiform types — 
straight and curved — with scattered low warts, (2) bracket-like and bow-like forms with prominent 
warts projecting outwards from the middle of the convexity. 
Very characteristic are the approximately 4-rayed minute spicules, more delicate and 
smoother than those of L. rhabdota. A fine colony from Station 37, Sailus Ketjil, has a height 
of 5.1 cm. and a maximum spread of 4.9 cm. From a short common stock four main stems arise 
which again branch and rebranch into the finger-like branches. These vary in length from the 
shortest of twigs to elongated lappets, 8X 1.5 mm., thickly covered with the sessile anthocodiae. 
Previously recorded from the Philippines. 
3. Lemnalia nitida (Verrill). 
For description see: BOURNE, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Zoology, VII, 1900, p. 529, 7 figs. 
Stat. 99. 6°7 / .5N., 120 0 26'E. 16—23 M. Lithothamnion-bottoni. 1 Ex. 
Stat. 123. North-bay, Biaru-island. 36—27 M. Stone and Lithothamnion. 1 Ex. 
Stat. 315. Anchorage East of Sailus Besar, Paternoster-islands. Up to 36 M. Coral and Litho¬ 
thamnion. 2 Ex. 
The best specimen, rather broken, is a whitish colony, standing about 4.5 cm. The long 
spindles bear numerous fine warts, and the whole spiculation is more delicate than that of 
L. termmalis. Both species differ markedly from L. lavis n. sp. inasmuch as the larger spicules 
of the latter are perfectly smooth. Yet we should be inclined to place L. terminalis , L. nitida , 
and L. Icevis in an evolution series, showing increasing smoothness in the large spicules. 
Previously recorded from Zanzibar. 
