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columnar tubercles which form regular curved transverse rows, recalling the septa of an elongated 
Fungia coral. The truncated tops are very rough and sometimes compound. 
The colourless spindles of the general cortex are partly like small editions of those just 
mentioned, and partly narrower forms with distant and relatively few tubercles. They range from 
i — 2.5 mm. in length. The small “stellate” forms at the base are very irregular in shape. Many 
are almost globular; many are minute quadriradiates; many show one predominant boss among 
the radiating knobs; while many again correspond exactly with those figured by Kukenthal 
for D. japonica. 
Very few canal-wall spicules could be found. Those that occurred were narrow rodlets 
with a few distinct tubercles. 
Deduction: Although this splendid specimen has no uniform contour it presents many 
resemblances to D. brevirama (Burch.), such as : 
(1) the anthocodial armature of 6—8 spicules in each point, the uppermost not projecting; 
(2) the short polyp stalk ; 
(3) the numerous 2 mm. spindles of the general cortex; 
(4) the crowded stellate bodies of the lower cortex ; and 
(5) in the polyp-bearing twigs a corymbose-dichotomous branching, almost identical with that 
of specimens which agree in detail with D. brevirama. 
Yet this specimen differs markedly from D. brevirama in the following respects: 
[a] it has a different type of supporting bundle, namely a sheath, instead of a buttress with a 
markedly predominating needle; 
( b ) it has practically no spicules in the canal-walls ; and ( c ) it has not more than a hint of 
triradiates. 
It therefore seems best to establish a new species, closely like D. brevirama (an Umbellate) 
in some respects and very like D. japonica (a Divaricate!) in others. 
17. Dendro 7 iephthya brevirama (Burch.). (Plate XX, Fig. 12). 
For description see: BURCHARDT, Alcyonaceen von Thursday-lsland und von Amboina; 
Seraon, Forschungsreisen, V. 5; 1898, pp. 438 — 439. 
Stat. 99. 6°7 / .5N., i 20° 26'E. 16 — 23 M. Lithothamnion-bottom. 1 Ex. 
Stat. 164. i°42 / .5 S., i30°47 / .5E. 32 M. Sand, small stones and shells. 1 Ex. 
Stat. 258. Tual-anchorage, Kei-islands. 22 M. Lithothamnion; sand and coral. 15 Ex. 
Station unrecorded. 10 Ex. 
Diagnosis: Umbellate; umbels not combining in hemispherical masses; contour almost 
continuous; flattened in one plane; surface of the individual umbels varies from convex to 
concave • lowest branches slightly foliaceous and forming an interrupted collar; polyps in small 
bundles; polyp stalks short; supporting bundle strong ; point spicules 6—8 converging pairs of 
small spicules, none projecting; grade II; spicules: cortex of branches shows long spinulose 
spindles, cortex of stalk has coarsely tuberculate broad spindles, triradiates, and irregular discs. 
Anthocodial Grade and Formula: 
II = 6 — 8 p -f- o Cr -j- strong S. B. 
