2 8. Siphonogorgia pustulosa Studer, 1889. 
(1) Not described. 
(2) Small low conical verrucae. 
(3) Anthocodiae retracted, but verrucae not always closed over them. 
(4) Four central stem canals, separated by thin septa, in which dark red spicules are embedded. 
(5) Spicules large and spindle-shaped, and also short and broad, beautiful violet red. They lie 
irregularly in the stem, longitudinally in the smaller twigs. 
(6) Yellow polyp calyces stand out like pustules on the coral red ground of the branches. 
Localities: Ben Api (New Hebrides), Ceylon Seas, Admiralty Islands. 
Note. Thomson and Simpson (1909) have no doubt as to the merging of Studer’s 
species S', pustulosa into Klunzinger’s S. mirabilis. So far as described, however, S. p7Lstulosa 
has thin-walled canals, while in S. mirabilis they are thick-walled. 
29. Siphonogorgia purpurea (= Chironephthya purpurea Harrison, 1908). 
(1) Crown -—■ 7 or 8 rows of spicules. 
Points —• 3 or 4 spicules en chevron. When 4 are present, 1 is on one side and 3 on the other. 
(2) Not described. 
(3) Polyps not retractile. 
(4) Not described. 
(5) Not described. 
(6) Branches and polyps directed vertically upwards. Secondary branches few and small. 
Colour — stem and branches white, becoming cream in the terminal twigs, polyps deep 
purplish red. 
Locality: Admiralty Islands. 
30. Siphonogorgia retractilis (= Chironephthya retractilis Harrison, 1908). 
(1) Crown — 5 transverse rows of spicules. 
Points — 4 spicules en chevron. 
(2) Verrucae entirely enclose the polyp by all spicules converging in a point, yet not folding over. 
(3) Anthocodiae completely retractile. 
(4) Not described. 
(5) Not described. 
(6) Colour — stem and branches cream, crimson-purple polyps. 
Locality: Admiralty Islands. 
31. Siphonogorgia robusta Thomson and Russell, 1910. 
(1) Crown — 6 rows of spicules. 
Points — 1 pair of long thorny spindles, bent outwards at the base, in the shape of hockey 
clubs, with straight tapering handles closely apposed. Between the blunt diverging ends 
there may be one or two small spindles. Similar small spindles are inserted in parallel 
groups of 2- — 3 between the pairs of hockey clubs. 
