167 
Simpson, 1909. In every case the spicules in the canal walls are few, but the quantity of 
gelatinous mesogloea varies considerably, two of the specimens having fairly thin walls. 
2. Siphonogorgia asperula Th. and S. 
For description see: Thomson and SlMPSON, Account of the Alcyonarians collected by the 
Royal Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean, 1909, Part II, p. 136. 
Stat. 164. i°42 / .5 S., I30°47 / .5E. 32 M. Sand, small stones and shells. 1 Ex. 
Stat. 204. Between islands ofWowoni and Buton; Northern entrance of Buton Strait, 75 — 94 M. 
Sand with dead shells. 1 Ex. 
Stat. 257*. In Du-roa-strait, Kei-islands. 52 M. Coral. 1 Ex. 
Two specimens occur which are almost identical with Thomson and Simpson’s description 
of S', asperzila , and one which seems to be related to it, though showing marked variability 
in the anthocodial armature. 
The first two specimens are pinkish yellow in colour, due to the presence of very small 
red spicules in the canal walls which show between the larger pale yellow spicules of the 
coenenchyma. The dimensions of these red spicules are 0.15 X 0.02 mm.; they have a few 
simple pointed warts. 
The anthocodiae, which are massive and not retracted, are armed, as previously described, 
with a crown of six rows of large spindles, with a few smaller ones in the oesophageal region, 
and points of two large spindles, bent at the base, with one or two small ones between them. 
There may also be one or two spicules between the points. 
The verrucae are cup-shapecl and support the crown of the anthocodiae on the tips of 
unevenly projecting spicules. 
There is a far from solid stem, with large canals and thin walls. 
The branches are short and massive, and bear the polyps, crowded at the tips. 
The third specimen is too fragmentary to name with any certainty. It consists of the 
broken off end of a branch, with closely packed polyps at the tip. The whole surface has a very 
rough appearance owing to the extraordinarily loosely packed spicules. The verrucse are very 
uneven and jagged and in many cases definite supporting bundles are present. Great variability 
occurs in the anthocodial armature. The crown is fairly constant and agrees with X. asperula , 
but the points differ considerably, though the prevailing plan appears to be as in S. asperula. 
The differences can for the most part be reduced to differences in the arrangement of the 
smaller spicules. 
The general coenenchyma is grey; red crown and yellow points. 
Previously recorded from Cape Comorin and Andamans. 
3. Siphonogorgia cylindrata Kiik. (Plate IV, Fig. 1). 
For descriptions see: KUKENTHAL, Alcyonaceen von Ternate, Nephlhyidae Verrill und Sipho- 
nogorgidae Kolliker, 1896, p. 138. 
Stat. 310. 8° 30'S., ii9°7 / .5E. 73 M. Sand, with few pieces of dead coral. 1 Ex. 
One good specimen about 15 cm. in height represents this species The dominant colour 
is yellowish-white. 
