203 
these spindles are branched at the ends; (b) finer, narrower types, much less numerous and 
mainly from the operculum, are covered with simple conical, smaller projections. 
The following measurements were taken : 
Type (a) i. i X 0.2 mm.; 0.9 X 0.24 mm.; 0.8 X o. 15 mm. ; 0.53 X 0.09 mm.; 
Type (b) 0.7 x0.06 mm.; 0.35 x0.04 mm. 
Genus Acamptogorgia. 
1. Acamptogorgia rubra Thomson. 
For description see: 
THOMSON, Ceylon Pearl Oyster Fisheries, 1905, Supplementary Report No. XXVIII, p. 178, 2 figs. 
NUTTING, Gorgonacea of the Siboga Expedition, XIIIb, 1910, p. 72. 
Stat. 289. 9 0 o' S., 126° 2465 E. 112 M. Mud, sand and shells. 1 Ex. 
The name Perisceles, given by Wright and Studer to the genus which they established, 
had been previously used for a beetle, and was for this reason replaced by Acamptogorgia in 
the Challenger Report. To this usage we adhere though Kukenthal in his Gorgonaria (Das 
Tierreich, 1924) insists on re-instating" Perisceles. 
Of a small colony of this species, 4.3 cm. high, only the slender flexible horny axis 
remains, except for 2 cm. at the tip of one branch which is still covered with the coenenchyma 
and polyps. It agrees very fully with Thomson’s description and figures. 
The main stem forks about 3 mm. from the base into two main branches. On these the 
branching is alternate. The branch bearing the coenenchyma has a diameter of 0.6 mm. 
The verrucse arise at right angles to the axis; a row of larger ones (average height 
0.6 mm.) arises on each side, the calyces tending to an alternate arrangement. Between these 
rows on one surface are seen three or four much smaller calyces, as shown in Thomson’s text- 
figure. The coenenchyma bristles with the sharp out-turned points of the typical large triradiate 
spicules. Some warty spindles are also found. These types are red in colour. 
The armature of the polyp shows a typical Acamptogorgian arrangement, with 8 points 
consisting of a pair of longitudinal or sloping spindles and a third spindle lying horizontally 
at their base. These spindles (0.36 mm. long) are colourless and markedly frayed or dentate 
at both ends. 
The colour of the axis is yellowish, coenenchyma and polyps are crimson. This species 
is closely allied to Nutting’s A. spatulata , if not identical with it. 
Previously recorded from Ceylon and by Nutting as Villogorgia rztbra from Siboga 
Stations 80, 81, 220. 
Genus Echinogorgia. 
1. Echinogorgia aurantiaca (Val.). (Plate XXII, Fig. 1). 
For descriptions see: Verrill, Notes on Radiata, 1867—71, p. 557. 
NUTTING, Gorgonacea of the Siboga Exp., Xlllb, 1910, p. 62. 
Stat. 164. i°42 / .5 S., i30°47 / .5 E. 32 M. Sand, small stones and shells. 1 Ex. 
A fragment from Station 164, agrees well with Nutting’s description. It belongs to the 
