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SCOUTING FOR GIRLS 
by gradually accustoming the skin to exposure to the 
sun. It is treated as are other minor burns. 
(d) Frostbite — Prevention — 1. Wear sufficient cloth- 
ing in cold weather and keep exposed parts, such as 
ears and fingers, covered. 
2. Rub vigorously any part that has become cold. 
This brings the warm blood to the surface and prevents 
chilling. 
3. Keep in action when exposed to the cold for any 
length of time. The signs of danger are sudden lack 
of feeling in an exposed part, and a noticeably white 
area. Chilblain is an example of frostbite. 
Treatment — The circulation of the blood through the 
frozen part must be restored gradually. This must be 
done by rubbing the part first with snow or cold water, 
which will be slightly warmer than the frozen part, and 
gradually warming the water until the circulation and 
warmth is fully restored. Then treat as a minor burn. 
If heat is applied suddenly it causes death of frozen 
parts. 
3. SPLINTERS, SMALL CUTS, SCRATCHES 
AND PIN PRICKS 
None of these injuries will usually require a doctor 
if properly treated in the beginning. The bleeding from 
any of them is not sufficient to be dangerous. But 
whenever there is a break in the skin or mucous mem- 
brane there is danger of infection by germs, and this is 
what makes the first aid treatment in these cases so 
important. A tiny scratch is sometimes converted into 
a bad case of blood poisoning by not being properly 
treated at first. 
Splinters should be removed by using a needle (not 
a pin) which has been sterilized by passing it through 
a flame (the flame of a match will do if nothing better 
