SCOUTING FOR GIRLS 
185 
sufficiently to cut the flow of blood. Usually it cannot 
be twisted tightly enough by hand alone. Tie the 
twisted part firmly so it will not slip, after it has been 
made tight enough to stop bleeding. 
5. Remember, a tourniquet stops most of the circu- 
lation below it as well as in the cut artery, and must not 
be left in place too long for fear of injury to the rest 
of the limb by cutting off the circulation. Usually it 
should not he left on for more than an hour . 
Bleeding from Veins — Bleeding from the veins is not 
so dangerous as from an artery. The blood from the 
heart has to go through the little capillaries before it 
gets into the veins, and therefore the force Of the 
heart muscle on the blood in the veins is not so great 
as in the arteries. The blood does not spurt out, but 
flows out as it would from a bottle tipped on its side. 
You have already learned what to do to stop the 
bleeding from the smaller veins, and that it is not seri- 
ous. From the larger veins, however, it can be very 
serious, and it may be necessary for you to put on a 
tourniquet before the doctor arrives in order to save 
the patient's life. 
Almost always bleeding from a vein can be con- 
trolled by clean gauze or handkerchief pad and pressure 
by hand directly over the bleeding wound. Tourniquets 
are almost never needed in bleeding from a vein. If 
necessary, it is wisest to apply them in the same way as 
for arterial hemorrhage and stop the circulation in the 
whole limb. 
It is important to know in a general way where the 
blood vessels are in order to put the pad over them to 
stop the bleeding. Roughly speaking, the artery of the 
arm runs down about in a line with the inner seam of the 
coat. The large vein lies close beside it, carrying the 
blood back to the heart. The artery and vein of the leg 
