442 
SCOUTING FOR GIRLS 
of sandy beach, the sections of shore covered with water- 
rolled pebbles and stones, even the steep, jagged cliffs, 
are all peopled with these animals of the sea. Twice 
every twenty-four hours the sea water creeps slowly up 
the beach until high water is reached, and twice every 
twenty-four hours it recedes again toward the ocean. 
It is therefore about twelve hours from one low water 
to the next. On a gently sloping beach, the distances 
between the high water mark and the low water mark 
may be many hundreds of feet, while on a steep beach 
or a straight cliff this area may be only a few feet in 
width. It is this area between the high and low water 
marks that is the haunt of many Invertebrates. These 
are animals that can live if they are not continually 
covered with water. Here are the rock barnacles, the 
soft clams, crabs of many kinds, beach fleas, numerous 
sea worms in their special houses, snails, and hermit 
crabs. Others will be found in the pools between the 
rocks or in the crevasses of the cliffs, which as the 
tide falls become great natural aquaria. Here will be 
found hydroids, sea-anemones, starfishes, sea-urchins, 
phores, hydroids, eggs of fish, tiny copepods, the larvae 
or young of sea-urchins, starfishes, or oysters. If an 
old wharf is near by, examine the posts supporting it. 
The pilings seem to be coated with a shaggy moss of 
seaweed. Scrape some of this off and put in a dish of 
water. Sea-spiders, starfishes, hydroids that look like 
moss, sea-anemones, many varieties of worms, mussels, 
and crabs are all living here. 
Begin your study of these seashore animals with a 
stroll along the beach. Examine the windrows of sea- 
wrack or seaweed. Whole troops of sandhoppers rise 
ahead of you. Oftentimes animals from distant shores 
or deep water will be found. The empty shells have 
many a story to tell. The papery egg-cases of the peri- 
