6s 
Literary and Philosophical Intelligence, [Aug 1, 
from New Holland, the Metr'osider'os 
Tlorihunda. M. Pyn received the se¬ 
cond accessit for his' Dais Cotinifolia, 
a very fine tree from the Cape of Good 
Hope. 
The Society of Agriculture, Arts, and 
Sciences, of the department of Eure, has 
offered a prize for the best poem on the 
following subject: “The re-establishment 
of the pyramid of Henry IV. in the plain 
of Ivry, by order of Napoleon.” While 
first consul he surveyed the field of bat¬ 
tle, and after examiningminutely the posi¬ 
tions of the two armies, he gave orders 
that the trophy erected there, and which 
had been destroyed during the course of 
the revolution, should be rebuilt. It 
is thus that the French emperor is desi¬ 
rous to satiate, his vain countrymen with 
every thing that can tend to .inspire them 
■with a fondness for military glory: but he 
does not seem in the least desirous to 
remind them of their lost rights, cr raise 
vip any altars to violated liberty. 
M. Fellenberg has established “ An 
Institute of Rural Economy,” at Hossoyl, 
in the centre of the Cantons; the Lan- 
dammann of Switzerland has sent com¬ 
missioners to inspect this establishment, 
and they have delivered in a report, 
which has in its turn been criticised by 
3M. Scheffold, a subject of the King of 
Wirternbeig. In fine, agriculture is at 
present studied and cultivated both on 
the continent and in our own island, w’ith 
the utmost zeal and success. 
M. llcESLER, vicar to the minister of 
Hoher.twiel, follows the method of edu¬ 
cation adop.ted with such success on the 
continent, hy Pestalozzi. Mademoiselle 
Gnehm, one of his scholars, who is only 
fourteen years of age, merits particular 
attention. After consulting the table, 
which serves as a basis to tiie inventor 
of this method, she points out all the un¬ 
known numbers oi all the mathematical 
equations, which are proposed to her 
verbally, and demonstrates the solution 
accoiding to the table, with all imagin¬ 
able facility. Sucii a liaptiy disposition 
for study is equally evident in the accom¬ 
plishment of drawing, as well as in every 
thing that concerns the languages and 
joyic. The following question having been 
dictated to her; “ Is it the duty of a 
scholar to esteem a respectable teacher ?” 
She instaiiliy gave the follo-vving answer, 
without making the least pause, or hesi¬ 
tation wliatsoever; “Yes, for kindness 
ever merits a return.” This accomplished 
pupil has rendered herself so well ac¬ 
quainted with the new method, that she 
is now capable of attending to the in¬ 
struction of others. M. Rcesler himself, 
teaches tliis method, witiiout any recom- 
pence whatsoever in return, to several 
school-masters of the catholic religion in 
his neighbourhood, and even a priest of 
the Jewish persuasion at Randegg. This 
circumstance produced an interview be¬ 
tween M. Rcesler and M. Levi, the head 
of the Jewish communion at the above- 
mentioned place, on the subject of M. 
de Pestalozze’s plan, the result of which 
is, that M. Levi has given ail the faci¬ 
lities in his power to the schoolmaster of 
his district; that, in addition to this, he 
maintains five Jewish children at his owti 
expense, at Hohentwiel; and, finally, 
that Mademoiselle Gnehem is to reside 
with him next Easter, with a view of 
teaching the new' method to his daughter- 
in-law, and also of giving instruction to 
his grancl-children. Behold then, a 
minister of the Gospel, who forms mas¬ 
ters tor the schools of the Israelites, and 
a girl born of Christian parents, who 
gives instructions to a Jewish mother 
and her children ! 
M. Humboldt has established a new 
theory of the earth. This has been sup¬ 
ported and upheld by the discoveries of 
M. le D. Ebel, in his work “ Sur la 
Structure de la Terre dans les Alpesd* 
which contains many novel ideas on the 
subject of geology. According to him, 
granite does not form the nucleus of the 
surface of the earth; but, on the contrary, 
it is to be found in layers, as well as the 
other integral substances of tiie moun¬ 
tains, These layers of stone, with which 
the mountains abound, are jiow supposed 
to have been formed by crystallization, in 
the sea of Chaos, and are to be found 
nearly in the same line, from Savoy to 
Hungary. The earth itself is supposed 
to be a prism of crystal, the points of 
which have been softened hy the waves 
of the sea. The geologists of Ger¬ 
many appear displeased to abandon their 
old theories, in favour of the new ones 
recently introduced. 
AMERICA. 
A botanical garden on an extensive 
scale has been established, as public pro¬ 
perty, at Elgin, in the State of New 
York, by the persevering and public-spi¬ 
rited exertions of Dr. IJosAeK, Professor 
of Botany and Materia Medica, at Co¬ 
lumbia College, 
liEPORT 
