Literary and 'Philosophical Intelligence. [Sept. 1, 
proposed by tliis society for an unliniited 
time: 1- ‘‘What are "the results of ex¬ 
perience respecting the utility ol some 
animals, nlnch appear, or by common 
observers me supposed, to be noxious, 
particularlv in the Low Countries ; and 
what precautions are required with re¬ 
spect to their extirpation r’’ — 11. “ Wiiat 
indifTenous plants, whose virtues have hi- 
therm been least known, might he in¬ 
troduced into the Materia Medica, and 
siijDply the place of exotic djugsr” — III. 
What indigenous plants, not hitherto 
used, might furnish nutritious food at a 
low price; and what exotics might be 
introduced or cultivated in Holland for 
the sanm purpose?” — IVL What indi. 
genous plants, mft hitherto used, appear, 
according to the result of experiments, to 
furnish good colours, the preparation and 
use of which might be advantageously 
introduced, and what exotics might be 
cultivated on the less fertile lands, for 
the purpose of extracting colouring mat¬ 
ter from them?” — V. “ What is already 
known, and in what manner might we 
acquire a complete knowledge of what 
is still doubtful or obscure, respecting 
the motion of the sap in trees and plants ?” 
SXVJTZERLAND. 
The Philantfi^opic Society of Zurich, 
in Switzerland, has been occupied in the 
establishment of an institution for such 
Itf the blind as are considered suscep¬ 
tible of receiving a certain education, and 
w'ho amount to about fifty in that canton. 
A circumstance tending not a little to 
advance the execution of this project, is 
the acquisition of a blind teacher, 
and, in every point of view, a man admi¬ 
rably qualified for the instruction of the 
blind; as he has not only afforded 
many satisfactory proofs^of his talents as 
an instructor, but has exhibited great 
address inrescect to the mechanical arts. 
Many towns, villages, and hamlets, in 
Switzerland, are proved to be in the most 
imminent danger, from their being so 
situated as to be liable to destruction by 
the filling of the neighbouring mountains, 
beneath the bases of which, they have 
been built. M. Eschkr, of Zurich, a 
geologist, affirms tlie same of some of the 
towns in the Grison country. . 
ITALY- 
Dr. Quadkie, professor of anatomy 
at rh.e university of Bologna, lately per¬ 
formed, while on his journey to Padua, 
two operations upon two individuals en¬ 
tirely blind, ill llie .presence of the pro¬ 
fessors Socrafi and Brera, and all their 
pupils. In these operations lie demon¬ 
strated the advantages of a method in¬ 
vented by biuiself for extracting the ca¬ 
taract, without injury either to the trans¬ 
parent cornea or the iris. His method 
was acknow'ledged to be superior to that 
of Wenzel, an.d to tiiat by simple pres¬ 
sure. His patients recovered their sight. 
The foreign professors loudly extol the 
new method, as easy, more practicable, 
and less hazardous, than that of simple 
pressure of the cataract. He has pro¬ 
mised to make his method public. 
By two Decrees, dated the 27th of 
July, tiie Emperor of France, wishing to 
make several dispositions useful to his 
good city of Rome, as he affectedly calls 
it, has decreed as follows ; 
‘‘ The Imperial Court of Justice shall be 
established at the Chancery; the Academy of 
the University in the good city of Rome, shall 
he established at the College della Sapienz. 
Two Lyceums shail be established at Rome, 
one at the Roman College, and*the other at 
that of the Jesuits. The magazines of corn 
and oil at the Baths of Dioclesian and Coeneco, 
and Civita Vecchia, are ceded to the city of 
Rome. 
“ Every year there shall be provided an ex¬ 
traordinary fund of one million, under the title 
of the Special Fund for the embellishments of 
Rome, This fund shall be raised partly on 
the city and partly on the revenues of the ex¬ 
traordinary. It shall be applied to the exca¬ 
vations for the discovery of antiquities; to the 
perfectioning of the navigation of the Tiber; 
to the construction of a new bridge on the site 
of that of Horatius Codes; to the finishing of 
the bridge of Sixtus; to the aggrandisement 
and embellishment of the squares of Trajan, 
and the Pantheon; to the construction of a 
market and two slaughtering-places ; to the 
opening of a promenade on the side of the 
Gate of the People, and another on the site 
of the Forum, of the Coliseum, and of the 
Mount Palatine, to the establishment of a 
botanic garden, &c. 
“ The fundof onemillion shall be employed 
in 1811, in the following manner: —100,000 
livres for the wood to complete tiie navigation 
of the Tiber, especially in that part of the 
river which flows through the city of Rome ; 
50;000 to begin the new bridge of Horatius 
Codes ; 50,000 for the bridge of Sixtus ; 
50,000 for the enlargement and embelhsh- 
ments of the squares of Trajan and the Pan¬ 
theon ; 150,000 for the promenade at the 
Gate of the People; 100,000 for the prome¬ 
nade at the Capitol; 50,000 for the market; 
100,000 for tlie slaughtering'places; 50,000 
for the botanic garden ; 300,000 livres for a 
fund to furnish supplementary aid, according 
to the statements made of the progress of the 
VYOrkSa 
