23S 
On Mf’, Broadi'Dood*s method cj Tunings 
[Oct. 1 
I forbear at present to mention either 
the name or residence of these enormous 
and public delinquents, (for cruelty to 
animals has been lung since demon¬ 
strated a national concern) in the hope 
that they may be able to come forward 
to the bar of an injured and insulted 
public, with some apology, or something 
like an extenuation of that enormous 
crime of which they stand accused. 
Otherwise, I call upon the truly noble, 
warm-hearted, and compassionate, Lord 
Erskine, to make inquisition into this 
deed of infamy, .which, having found as 
already stated, I humbly submit to his 
lordship the propriety of a motion, to 
enter the said statement upon the records 
of the House of Lords, as a proper in¬ 
troduction to a law for the protection of 
animals from the injustice and cruelty of 
man; Ins lordship^ well known and most 
meritorious object. 
Justus et Sympatheticus. 
To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine, 
SIR, 
N various occasions since the ap¬ 
pearance of the stereotype pam¬ 
phlet of Earl Stanhope, on tuning, I iiave 
been told by professors and teachers of 
music in the metropolis, that the equal 
temperament, as laid or tuned by Mr. 
Broadwood, and the tuners in his employ, 
is alone applicable or in use for modern 
music, owing to the use of any one key 
having become as frequent as that of any 
of the others: without assenting to these 
assertions, I have constantly enquired of 
sucli gentlemen, “ how does it appear 
that Mr. Broadwood does tune an equal 
temperament r’’ or, in other words, ‘Hhat 
all the 12 fifths on his instruments are 
made equal?’' but I liave always found 
this question evaded, and am tlierefurc 
happy to see Mr. Broadwood come for¬ 
ward, at page lOG, of your last Number, 
and attempt to explain his method of 
tuning. As the magnitude of musical 
intervals and the principles of tuning are 
capable of exact mathematical treat¬ 
ment, I beg to make a few observations, 
and put some questions, for the sake of 
information, on what IMr. B. lias laid 
down. 
By a reference to the article Equal 
Temperament, in Dr. llees’ Cyclopaadi'a, 
it will be seen, that the perfect fifth (of 
tine violinist or singer) must be flattened 
one of a soiall interval called a schisma, 
(and marked 2) iu orrler to produce a;j. 
equal temperament; the perfect octave 
(|) being composed of 6121E, (neglecting 
some extremely minute intervals that it 
is not necessary here to notice as being, 
periiaps, quite insensible in practice) the- 
fiftli (I) of 3582, the major sem.-tone 
("if) o72, the major comma (-1^) of 
112, See. I'hc equal temperainent fifth 
is tiiereforeS572; 12 of which, or 42842, 
is exactly equal to seven octaves, or 
7Xdl!2=:4284, that must be fallen or 
risen, to keep tfie tuning of 12 fifths 
w'ithiri the compass of one octave. Now 
the full semitone B to C, mentioned by 
Mr. B. should either be the 12th part of 
the octave or 512, if it be an equal tem¬ 
perament semitone, or 572, if it be a 
perfect or diatonic semitone; but, instead 
of which, Mr. B. directs his semitone 
B C to be divided into 40 equal parts! 
Now is this comma of Mr. Broadwood 
the 480th part of the octave, or 1-^2.^ 
or is it the 40th part of 57z, or 1-^z ? or 
what other value does JMr. B. mean to 
assign to his comma? 
I have only further to remark, tliat 
whatever may be Mr. B.'s auswei:, tha 
nature of things and ratios cannot be 
changed thereby, or any other value than 
2 be shewn to be the proper flattening of 
the fifth (of 358z) for an equal tempera¬ 
ment, and I pledge myself; in the event 
of Mr. B. assigning any olhef value than 
3572 to his tempered fn’tlis, to prove by a 
table of the beats, the only correct mpde 
of tuning, that his is not an equal tempe¬ 
rament, but that one or more wolves will 
be found among his twelve fif.hs, and 
others among his fourths, among ins ma¬ 
jor and minor thirds, and among his major 
and minor sixths. 
Ashbou?'??, John Farey, senr. 
September d, 1811. 
To (lie Editor of the idontfdy Magazine, 
Q T O 
VER anxious as you ar-'’to recard 
^ A the interests of biography, and to 
affurd it every encouragement and faci- 
lity, I'md as this object cannot be better 
attained than by recording for the future 
biugrtipiier the prejent pursuits of youth-* 
ful characters who may one day becon a 
subjects of th.e biographical pen, I slia'l 
make no apology for troubling you with 
an account of some of tliose gentlemen 
who were educated under the Bev. Wil¬ 
liam Gilpin, head master of Ciieam-school, 
till the year 1305-O, a school that lias 
ssiit into the world some of the brightest 
