556 
[Oct.l, 
Patmts lately Enrolled* 
vided to restore It to the requisite cliange of weather or climate. • Iron is 
as cocks, valves, &c. regulated hy a preferred, oot only for economy and du- 
float or floats upon the surface of the oil, rability, but because the frame may be 
or by means of a pump or pumps worked removed wit})OUt lossorinjuryofihema- 
by the engine itself,or otherwise. By the terials, or exported to the colonies, or 
interposition of the oil, between the pis- other places beyoiud seas, (wiiere labour is 
ton and the cotidenser, all waste of high,) ready formed,and only requiring to 
steam, by passing the piston is eflectu- be there put together, 
ally prevented, and a consequent saving — 
of fuel is effected, mr. william muller’s, (londox). /or 
KR. PETER Durand’s,( iioxTON-sQUAP.E,) 
fo}' a Method of preserving Animal 
Foody Vegetable Food, 4 c. a long Time 
J'rom perishing. 
Mr. Durand’s method is to incloee 
the said food in bottles, or other vessels 
of glass, pottery, tin, &c. the apertures 
of which are to be so completely closed, 
as to exclude all communication from 
the external air ; this may be done hy 
corking, wiring, cutting, or cementing. 
The vessels thus charged and closed, are 
wrapped in straw, or coarse cloths, and 
put into a boiler of cold water, which 
water must cover the said vessels, it is 
then gradually heated to boiling, and tlie 
ebullition is to be continued a certain 
tiine. Vegetable substances ^re to be 
put into the vessel in a raw state, and 
animal substances may or may not be 
half cooked. 
iMR. JOHN CRAGg’s, (LIVERPOOL,) for 
Improvements in the Casting o)' Iron 
Hoofs for Houses, &c. 
The rafters are to be made of cast iron, 
with a shelf, or shoulder, at the side, 
upon which the slate rests between the 
two rafters ; these are to be painted, and 
then the slates to be bedded in cement, 
or putty, upon the shoulders of the rafters, 
at the sides, and the bottom end of the 
slate resting upon a flat cross bar of cast 
iron, winch is made with a groove to 
slide along the edge of the shoulder to 
the exact length tiie slate requires., The 
slate is tlsen bedded in cement or putty, 
snd pointed carefully, lapping over half 
of the said cross bar, and the top of the 
next slate lapping on the other half of 
the cross bar, bedded in the same man¬ 
ner, and there making a joint to be se¬ 
cured and pointed by white lead cr ce¬ 
ment. The slates are to be fastened 
down to the iron rafters by pegs, screws, 
j’ivets. Sec. These cast iron rafters may 
be used with beams of wood; the iron 
rafters restitig thereon, are bolted and 
secured to- the ridge piece of iron, to 
^.void the injury consequent upon the 
fontTflctiau and; exf^ausiou of Utuber by 
Improvements in the Construction of 
Pumps. 
The nature of this invention is to raise 
water with less power with a pump of 
the new construction, than with a com¬ 
mon pump, such a pump is enclosed 
in a round or oval pipe, or in two- round 
pipes. The patentee having described 
the principle of his invention, which re- 
puires the aid of figures to render it in- 
telligible, adds, that the water -is by 
these means, with from to -j%th 
part of the force or weight, lifted or raised 
as is necessary to raise it in common 
pumps ; and, by applying the same power 
on pumps of my invention) the same 
quantity is in the same time raised fmm 
ten to fifteen times as high as it can be 
done in the common pumps. A couple 
of these pumps, fixed to a balance beam, 
are worked by the same quantity of 
water, which they will raise about tliirtjf 
feet high, in letting this quantity of water 
fall from the height of from six to ten 
feet, by a contrivance which isdescribed; 
and lienee in this manner these pumps 
litt the water from eighteen to tw-enty- 
two feet high, in using no other force 
than letting it fall from the height offronv 
six to ten feet, and so the water is raised 
by pumps of this invention, by no other 
force than that produced by its fall ; and 
hence it may be lifted from eighteen to 
twenty-four feet high, williout any other 
cxpences than those arising from the 
machinery.” 
MRS. SARAH guppy’s, (BRISTOL ,)a 
Mode of Erecting and Constructing 
Bridges and Railroads, zvithout Arches 
or Sterlings, bp ichicti the Danger of 
being zcashed aicay by the Floods is 
avoided. 
On each side the river, or place, over 
which a bridge or road is to be con¬ 
structed, “ I do fix,” says IMrs. G. “ or 
drive,a row of piles,witli suitable framing, 
to connect them together, and behind 
these I do fix, or drive, and connect other 
piles, or rows of piles, and suitable 
framing; upon the banks of tlie river, I 
do dispose or build certain . masses of 
iennecte4- 
