1811 .] Literary and Philosophical Inf elligence, 371 
tops or sides of the chains of hills which lie 
In their coursfe; 
2. They do not lead to Roman towns, or 
notice such towns, except when placed on 
the sites of British fortresses. 
o. They are attended by tunnull, like those 
of the Romans, but usually throw out 
branches, which, after running parallel for 
some miles, are reunited to the original stem. 
The society for the relief of widows 
and orphans of medical men in London, 
*nd its vicinity, held their half-yearly 
general court on the second of October, 
at the usual place of meeting, the Gray's 
Inn Coffee-house, Holborn, when the 
annual election of officers and directors 
took place.-“Tiiis society was instituted 
in the year 1788. Its capital is now 
eighteen thousand four hundred pounds, 
three per cent, consolidated bank an¬ 
nuities, and two hundred pounds navy 
five per cents, out of the interest of 
which, down to the 18th of September in 
the present year, 1811, the sum of three 
thousand three hundred and thirty-eight 
pounds, three shillings, has been distri¬ 
buted among the widows and orphans 
of deceased medical men, members of 
this society, many of whose families had 
been left without any provision. 
View of Wars since the Revolution, 
Iv'ith whom. 
When begun. 
When end eft. 
Where end. 
France. 
7May 1689 
10 Feb. 1697 
Ryswick 
France 
4 May 1701 
13Mar.l713 
Utrecht, 
Spain. 
16Dec.l718 
13 Junel721 
Madrid. 
Spain. 
19 Oct. 17.39 
18 Oct. 1748 
Aix-la- 
Chapelle 
Trance. 
18 Mayl756 
10 Feb. 1763 
Fontain- 
bleau. 
America, 
&:c. 
19 Apr. 1775 
3 Sept. 1783 
Paris. 
France. 
llFeb. 1793 
27Mar. 1802 
Amiens, 
France,Ssc 
9Mar.l803 
• • e • 4 
« • 0 9 
Debt beginning of 
each War. 
Debt contracted in 
each war. 
Average annual 
revenue- 
664,263 
20,035,7.37 
.3,000,000 
16,500,000 
35,500,000 
3,700,000 
60,000,000 
6,000,000 
4,000,000 
50,000,000 
28,000,000 
6,000,000 
74,000,000 
73,000,000 
7,000,000 
136,000,000 
110,000,000 
11,000,000 
272,000,000 
317,000,000 
25,000,000 
619,000,000 
• C * a 9 o 
70,000,000 
An exertion is making by the West 
India merchants, to effect the more ge- 
nera! use of coffee in the British Islands, 
and it merits success. Coffee roasted is 
Bn consequence offered at the low price 
©f two shilJuigs per pound, and it is as a 
beverage so much superior to tea, that 
the number of consumers cannot fail to 
increase. It is singular, that far less cof¬ 
fee is used in this luxurious country, than 
in any other country in Europe, and, in 
truth, our English house-wives do not yet 
know hovy to make coffee. 
At a general meeting ofthe Caledonian 
Horticultural Society, lately held, the 
committee , appointed to judge of the 
KOME-MA.DE WINES, reported, that, after 
a careful examination and comparison of 
twenty-four different kinds, which had 
been sent for competition, they had found 
the first medal due to the wine which, 
on opening the sealed letter, was found 
to belong to Miss Edmonston, 23# 
George-street, made entirely from Dutch 
red currants. Tiie committee further 
reported, that almost all the wines pro» 
duced were of excellent quality, and that 
the following, in particular, deserved 
premiums -that belonging to Mrs. An-- 
derson, Stony-hill-house, Musselburgh. 
-—To Mrs. Simpson, Viewtield.—To 
Mrs. Mitchell, Parson’s Green.—To 
Mr. Sang, Loanvvells.—To Mrs. Wright, 
Argyie-square.—To Mr. Sang, Kirkaldy. 
A translation of the continuation of 
Humboldt’s Travels, &c. in New Spain^ 
recently arrived in this country, is in the 
press, and will be speedily published. 
Shortly will be re-published, Certayne 
Notes of Instruction, concerning the 
making of Verse or Ryme, by Geop..g5 
Gascoigne, esq. imprinted at London^ 
by Henrie Bienneman, Anno Domini,, 
1575. 
A Discourse on English Poetrie ; toge=^’ 
ther with the author’s Judgment, touching 
the Reformation of our English Verse, by 
William Webbe; imprinted at Londony 
by John Charlewood, 1586, is reprintinga 
Also, Ane, Schort Treatise, conteining 
some Reulis and Cutelis to be obseruic 
and aschewit in Scottis Poesie, by King 
James the Vlth of Scotland ; impriftted 
at Edinburg, by Thomas Vautrolliety 
1584. 
FRANCE, 
M.Burckharut has published at Paris 
the following elements of the Comet:— 
Perihelion distance, 1,02241. The in¬ 
stant of its passage by the perihelion, 
43 minutes past nine in the evening of 
the 12th of September, 1811. Ascending 
node, 140 deg. 13 sec.; inclination, 72 
deg. 12 sec.; place of the perihelion, 72 
deg. 12 sec. It was nearest the sun on 
the 12th of September; it was tlien still 
S9 miiilions of leagues distant from that 
3 B 2 body. 
