21 Oder)i Accounts of the Holy Land, 
had made tlie tour of Palestine, and de- 
stioved the relics of idolatry, which still 
appeared at the fair of Terebinthus, near 
Hebron. 
In tlte age succeeding that of St. Je¬ 
rome, we never lose slight of Calvary. It 
was then that Theodoret w rote his Isccle- 
siastical History, in which'we find fre- 
t^uent mention of the Christian Sion. 
We have a still more disunct view of it 
in the Lwss oj the jiachorites, by the 
same author. St. Peter, one of their 
number, performed the sacred Journey. 
Theodoret himself passed through Pales* 
tine, where he surveyed with astonish- 
nrent lire ruins of the Temple. The two 
pilgrimages of the empress Eudocia, wife 
of Tlieodosius the younger, took place 
in this century. She caused monasteries 
to be erected at Jerusalem, arid there 
ended her days in retirement. 
Cosroes took Jerusalem in 613. Ile- 
raclius restored, to the tomb of Cliiisr, 
the real cross which the Persian monarch 
had taken away. Twenty-three years 
afterwards, Ornar made himself master 
of the Holy City, which continued under 
the yoke of the Saracens till the time of 
Godfrey d.e Bouillo/i, During these 
calamitous ages, the church of the 
Holy Sepulchre was saved by the 
invincible constancy of the believers 
of Judea: they never abandonerl it, and 
^he pilgrims, emulating their zeal, ceased 
nut to throng to the sacred shore. 
Some years after Omar’s conquest, 
Arculfe visited Palestine. Adamannus, 
abbuj of Iona, a British island, drew up 
a desciiprlon of the Holy Lund, from 
the account of die French bishop. This 
curious description is yet extant. Ar¬ 
culfe describes the holy places as they 
w ere in the time of St. Jerome, and as we 
behold them at the present day. He 
represents the church of the Holy Sepul¬ 
chre as a circular building; he found 
churches and oratories at Bethany, on 
the Mount of Olives, in the garden of 
the same name, and in that of Gethse- 
mane. lie admired the magnificent 
chtircl) at Bethlehem. These are pre¬ 
cisely tiie same objects as are still shewn, 
and yet this desciiption is of about the 
year 6Q0, if we place the death of Ada¬ 
mannus m 704. It is to be observed 
that, in the time of St. Arculfe, Jeru¬ 
salem still went by the name ofAEiia. 
During the reign qf Cliaiiemagne, at 
the commenCenient of the ninth century, 
ttie chalif Uaroun ai ilaschid ceded to 
the French emperor tlie property of the 
Ilol^ Sepulchre. Charles sent uhns to 
(?3i 
Palestine, for one of his capitularies is 
extant, with this head : De Eleemo%yii^ 
mittenda ad Jerusaleia. The patriarch of 
Jerusalem had solicited the protection of 
the monarch of the West. Eginhard 
adds, that Charlemagne protected the 
Christians beyond sea. At this period 
the Latin pilgrims possessed an hospital, 
to the north of Solomon’s Temple, near 
the convent of St. Mary; and Charle¬ 
magne made a present of a library to this 
establishment. We are informed of these 
particulars, by Bernard, a monk, who 
was in Palestine about the year 870. 
His account, winch is very circumstan¬ 
tial, gives ail the positions of the sacred 
places. 
The eleventh century, which termi¬ 
nates with the crusades, furnishes several 
travellers in the Holy Land, Oldric, 
bi^iiiop of' Oileans, witnessed the cere¬ 
mony of the sacred fire at the Holy Se¬ 
pulchre. Glaber’s Ciironicle, it is true, 
should be read with caution; but we have 
here to record a fact, not to discuss a 
point of criticism. Allatius, in Si/mmic- 
sive Opuiculisy ike. has also handed 
down to Us the journey to Jerusalem of 
Eiigesippus, a Greek, Most of the sa¬ 
cred pUmes are described in it, aild tiiis 
account agrees with all tiiat we know on 
the subject. In the course of this cen¬ 
tury, W’^illiam the Conqueror sent consi¬ 
derable alms to Palestine. Finally, the 
travels of F^erer the Hermit, wdneh were 
attended wiih such important conse¬ 
quences, and the crusades themselves 
prove how strongly the attention of the 
Christian world was attracted to tiiat re¬ 
mote region where the mystery of salva¬ 
tion was accomplished. 
Jerusalem continued in the hands of 
French princes eiglity-eight years; and 
the historians of pie collection Gesta 
Dei per' Francos have recorded every 
thing that occurred in the Holy Land 
during that period. Benjamin of Tqdela 
visited Judea about the year 1173. 
When Saladin had retaken Jerusalem 
from the crusaders, the Syrians ransomed 
the church of the Holy Sepulchre for a 
considerable sum, and pilgrims still con¬ 
tinued to vipt Palestine in defiance of all 
tiie dangers attending the expedition. 
Phoeas in 1208, VVhllebrand of Olden¬ 
burg in 1211, Jacob V'etraco, orof Vetri, 
in 1231, and Brocard, a Dominican friar, 
in 1283, visited the sacred places, and 
repeated in tiieir travels all that had beea 
said before them on the subject 
For the fourteenth century we have 
Luduiph, Mandeviile, and Saiiuto. 
For 
