Organic Remains of a Former JVorlcU 
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like ashes ; and, finally, a bed of shell- 
itiarle. It is in tke ^rey marie that the 
bones are chiefly found. 
These remains are also found on tliis 
side of the three great chains of moun¬ 
tains, the Aliganys, the North Moim- 
tains, and the Blue Mountains; in tfie 
£vnterior parts of Pennsylvania and Ca- 
rolina ; and m New Jersey, a few miles 
from Philadelphia. 
Fri)m a careful attention to every 
circumstance, M. Cuvier conceives that 
we have a right to conclude, that this 
s;rcat mastodon, or animal of the Ohio, 
did not surpass the elephant in height, 
but was a little longer in proportion j 
its limbs rather thicker; and its belly 
smaller. It seems to have very much 
resembled the elephant in its tusks, and 
indeed in the whole or its osteology; 
and it also appears to have had a trunk. 
But, notwithstanding its resemblance to 
ihe elepiianr, in so many particulars, 
tlie form and strnefure of the grinders 
are snfliciently different from those of 
the elephant, to demand its being placed 
in a distinct genus. From the later 
discoveries respecting this aininai, he 
is aho inclined to ^oppose that its food 
must have been similar to that of the 
hippopotamus and the boar, but pre¬ 
ferring the roots and fleshy parts of 
vegetables; in the search of w-hich spe¬ 
cies of food it would, of course, be led 
to such soft and marshy spots as he ap¬ 
pears to have inhabited. It does not, 
however, appear to have been at all 
formed for swimmings t;r for living much 
in the waters, like the hippopotamus, 
but rather seenis to liave been entirely a 
terrestrial animal. 
rOSSTL JlEMArNS OF THF. RHINOCEROS, 
There appear to be three living spe¬ 
cies of rhinoceros: 1. That of India, 
a unicorn, with a rugose coat, and'*'with 
incisors, separated, by a space, from 
the grinders. 2. That of the Cape, 
a bicorn, the skin without rugaj, and 
Laving twenty-eight grinders, and no 
incisors. 3, That of Sumatra, a bi¬ 
corn, the skin but slightly rugose, thus 
far resembling tiiat of the Cape, but 
having incisive teetli like that of lodm. 
The fossil remains of the rhinoceros 
have been generally found in the same 
countries where the remains of ele¬ 
phants have been found ; but they do 
not appear to have so generally excited 
attention ; and perhaps but few of those 
vcho discovered tliem were able to do- 
lerniine to what animal they belonged# 
Thus n tooth of this animal is described 
by Grew merely as the tooth, of a ter¬ 
restrial animal; and the remains of this 
animal, found in the neighbourhood of 
Canterbury, were supposed to have be¬ 
longed to tiie hippopotamus. 
In ilartzberg, in the principality of 
Grubenhagen; Quetilnnhurg, D.arm- 
stadt, th.e borders of the Rhine, Menrz, 
Strasbourg, the neighbourhood of Co¬ 
logne, Wesrplialia, numerous paits of 
France, and in several parrs of Great 
Britain, have the remains of the rhino¬ 
ceros been found. In Siberia these 
remains have been found in considera¬ 
ble qifantities. Pallas, v.'hose researches 
have been particularly directed to this 
part of the world, made the astonish-- 
ing discovery of a complete rhinoceros, 
still covered by its skin, and buried irr 
the sand on the borders of the river 
Wiiiiji. 
From several fragments of bones 
wbicdi I met with in tlie Essex bank, 
I was also led to suppose that the re« 
mains of some ot.her very large animal, 
besides those of the elephant and elk, 
iiad been here imbedded. 
My friend I\Ir. Fisher, whose kindness 
I hare already had occasion to acknow¬ 
ledge, was so obliging as to procure for 
me live teeth, which had been found at 
Fox hill, in Gloncestersl'.ire, with some 
fragments of liones. 'Fhe fragments of 
bones were too small to allow' of any 
decision respecting them. One of the 
teeth was of tlie elephant; and the 
other four were molar teeth of tlie upper 
jaw of t.he rliinoceros, and had suffered 
a very considerable degree of decom¬ 
position. Their size was more than 
double that of the tooth depicted above; 
but tiieir grinding surfaces had suffered 
very considerable injury. 
CUVIERS DEDUCTIONS. 
^ These different bones are buried al¬ 
most every where, in nearly similar 
beds: they are often blended with some 
other animals resembling those of the 
present day. 
“ These beds are generally loose, 
either sandy or marly; and always 
neighbouring, more or less, to the 
surface. 
“ It is then probable, that these bones 
have been enveloped by the last, or 
by one of the last, catastrophes of this 
globe. 
“ In a great number of places they 
are accompanied by the accumulated 
remains of marine animals; buf in some 
places,- 
