138 
I know, no species of the genus Biemnia containing rhaphides was 
hitherto known. 
Family Desmacidonidae. 
Genus Esperiopsis, Carter. 
Esperiopsis norm^ni Bow. 
1866 Isodictya Normani, Bowerbank. Mon. Brit. Spong. II, III. 
1905! Esperiopsis „ , Lundbeck. Porifera in Danish ‘Ingolf’ Exp. 
Vol. VI, Part 2. 
North arm of Carnley Harbour. 35 f. Mud. 30/XI.1914. 
Several specimens, fragments, somewhat macerated. Long flabby 
cylinders; biggest specimen 80 mm in length, by a thickness of 
6 mm. Neither a dermal-membrane nor ostia or osculum could be 
detected. Colour reddish brown. One of the specimens attached to 
a shell. 
Skeleton a meshwork, formed by styli; meshes polygonal, most 
often tetragonal. length ot side as a rule the same as that of a 
spicule (style). Spicules most often 2-3 together, both in primary 
and secondary fibres; these latter are in some places just as dis- 
tinct as the primary ones; secondary fibres in most places connect 
the neighbouring primary fibres. Spongin only very slightly devel- 
oped. 
Spicules: (fig. 18) 1. styli, siender, smooth, slightly bent at 
about first third; varying in length from 200 290 p, by a thick¬ 
ness of 7—7,« ( 1 . Many developmental forms. 2. isochelae, very 
small, siender, many developmental forms; length about 25 /i, 
breadth (of tooth) ca. 6,5 middle portion (ca. one third of the 
shaft) straight, from here a little forwardly bent at both ends. Alae 
and tooth of about the same length, a little over the third of the 
length of a spicule. 
I refer the species in hånd to Esperiopsis normani Bow., a 
though the spicules here are a little bigger than e. g. those of the 
specimens of Lundbeck (who States; styli 0,i6— 0,25 mm; chelae 
0 , 020 — 0,011 mm by 0,oo5 mm); also here are 2—3 spicules lymg 
side by side in the fibres, which as a rule only contain one 
spicule in the row; and lastly the shape is here erect, in contra 
distinction to the type, which seems to be of incrusting habit; yet 
