108 
. . . perspicuis,“ and as he had also had Swedish specimens, I think 
he has had both species before him, the specimens with the black 
pleural band being pectoralis, but the Danish specimens mentioned 
belong to the present species. 
I have not noted the colour of the eyes of the species, but I 
shall mention here that when I bred pectoralis I noted of this 
species that the eyes are greenish with an upper and a lower part 
and an oblique median band violet, while Hendel says, that the eyes 
are unicolorous and adds that the same has been communicated by 
Girschner. c 
Now some questions arise as regards the habits of these three 
species. For the first their presence in the shells is no doubt in 
connection with their feeding, as it is quite improbable that they 
should pupate here only for refuge; for the first the cyclorrhaphous 
pupæ are well protected themselves, and next they must then also 
be found in other hiding places which is never the case, nor are 
they ever found free. Further Calohaea bifasciella and Ctenulus 
pectoralis are each found only in one species of snails though in 
the places where I collected them also other species of small snails 
were present. When we now, therefore, suppose that the larvæ have 
lived on the content of the shells, then there is the question whether 
they are parasitical or saprophagous, devouring only the dead snails. 
To this question I can at present give no answer, but it would 
seem to me rather probable that the larvæ attack the living snails, 
in this connection I also pay attention to Mercier’s observation on 
Salticella fasciata. 
In what direction now the above question may be solved it 
seems to me that the behaviour of these three species is very 
interesting, especially the influence it has on the shape of the pu- 
paria, which on account of the place where they sit get a so cha- 
racteristical aspect. I know of no other case in which cyclorrhaphous 
pupæ are thus altered in shape in a definite way on account of 
outer influences. It even seems as if there might be some advanc- 
ing development here, as Ct. punctatus choses different snails for 
pupation and its puparium being less altered and of about the same 
shape in all cases, whilst the two other species seem each to be 
confined to one certain snail-species and show a highly altered 
puparium and in each species altered in a quite definite way. 
