197 
flat though their length and breadth exceeds that of the highly 
arched specimens from Jolo. This variability in shape in the 
Cycloseris-iovm of F. fragilis may be caused by local influences. In 
Greater 
diameter 
1 
Lesser 
diameter 
Height 
53 
52 
29 
42 
39 
21 
41 
41 
14 
34 
32 
17 
34 
30 
10 
32 
30 
7 
27 
26 
8 
21 
20 
4 
17 
16 
3 
7 
6 
2 
comparison with the specimens from Jolo, the specimens from Stat. 
39 are very thin and nearly flat. All of them possess a distinet 
scar of detachment. 
Irregularities on the upper surface of a corallum as may be 
brought about by parasites or by fractures usually stimulate the 
corallum to processes of growth in the neighbourhood of these 
spots and this often results in the formation of new mouths. In 
one specimen three small secondary mouths have originated on the 
upper surface. The septa in the neighbourhood of these mouths 
converge a little towards one another. These secondary mouths 
may have arisen as the result of the loss of the septa at this place. 
The new-formed septa are clearly to be distinguished from the 
unaltered parts of the old septa, being mueh thinner and more 
equal in thickness. They are also separated from the older ones 
by a Sharp limit, and it is therefore obvious that the new mouths 
have arisen as the result of the damage which the corallum had 
suffered in the past. Another specimen in which calicular budding 
has taken place possesses a secondary mouth only a little smaller 
than the primary one, which has developed at some distance from 
the old mouth; it has a regular papillate columella. Between the 
two mouths an excrescence has arisen with a sharp edge in the 
middle where the septa from each side meet. 
