201 
the others, constituting a result similar to the normal condition. 
In the marginal region of the same specimen, at the point where 
the corallum has broken, five buds have grown out, the soft parts 
of some of which are connected with those of the mother-corallum 
whilst around the others the soft parts of the corallum have vanished. 
A side view of this corallum shows that the theca is strongly 
developed, the difference in thickness between the theca of the 
regenerated part and that of the old corallum amounting to about 6 mm. 
On another half corallum some 30 buds have developed. The 
living tissues of the mother-corallum have died and are overgrown 
with algae. No regeneration of the defunct disc has taken place 
in this specimen. 
There are fifteen specimens in the collection in which the 
corallum had still its circular form and which had lost their living 
tissues except on some spots where buds had developed from the 
remainder of the soft parts, especially in the marginal portion. 
I obtained this large material by asking the diver to collect all 
the specimens he saw, also the dead ones and other at first sight 
less fine-looking specimens. As a matter of faet the size of the 
buds depends upon the time during which the decay of the living 
tissues has been going on. In the corals of which the living tissues 
had but recently died (this can be de- 
duced at first sight from the unaltered 
appearance of their septa) the younger 
stages of budding are found (fig. 52). In 
these specimens there are occasionally 
buds in which the second cycle of septa 
is not yet complete (text-fig. 1). Younger 
buds with only six septa could not be 
detected. Buds that have two complete 
cycles and also older ones oceur more 
frequently. As a rule the most developed 
buds are found on those coralla of which 
the living tissues disappeared long before 
(fig. 53). Wherever the soft parts have 
been wanting for a long time the corallum has a very worn-off 
Fig 1. Fiingia marginata, 
Young bud with the septa of 
the first cycle and the first 
traces of two septa of the 
second cycle x 90. 
appearance and is often overgrown with a great many foreign 
organisms (e. g. Lithothemnion, various other algae, PolytremcLy 
