398 
North Island (especially ofF Three Kings Island) will prove to have 
a wider distribution (Australia), partly, because several of the species 
described in these papers are small and inconspicuous forms which 
are easily overlooked by collectors (e. g. the small Amphiurids). 
On the other hånd, such reduction in the number of endemic spe¬ 
cies will probably be counterbalanced to some degree by the finding 
of new endemic species, as we may well feel sure that the list of 
New Zealand Echinoderms is still rather far from complete; even 
among the littoral forms new species are to be expected, not to 
speak of those of the deeper waters off the North end of the 
North Island or of the Cook Strait. But even allowing for a not 
inconsiderable reduction in the percentage of endemic forms a large 
number of characteristic forms remain which are not likely ever 
to be found outside the New Zealand area. As such I would espe¬ 
cially name the following: 
Goniocidaris umbraculum 
Pseudechinus albocinctus 
Notechinus novæ-zealandiæ 
Evechinus chloroticus 
Arachnoides zelandiæ 
Apatopygus (Echinobrissus) recens 
Ophiomyxa brevirima 
Ophiocoma bollonsi 
Ophiopteris antipodum 
Ophioceres Huttoni 
Pectinura cylindrica 
— maculata 
Astropecten primigenius 
Pentagonaster pulchellus 
Diplodontias dilatatus 
This long list of highly characteristic forms bears testimony of 
the immense time during which New Zealand has been isolated. 
Especially the Echinoid Apatopygus (Echinobrissus) recens, the direct 
descendant of a group that flourished and was of worldwide distri¬ 
bution in Jurassic and Cretaceous times, in recent time known 
alone from New Zealand seas^), is of the greatest interest, a not 
1) The record of its occurrence at Madagascar must be regarded as per- 
fectly unreliable, resting probably on wrong labelling in old collections. 
Asterodon miliaris 
Eurygonias hylacanthus 
Asterina regularis 
— aucklandensis 
Stegnaster inflatus 
Calvasterias Suteri 
— lævigata 
Stichaster australis 
Sclerasterias mollis 
Astrostole scabra 
Cucumaria brevidentis 
— leoninoides 
— alba 
— ocnoides 
Kolostoneura novae-zealandiæ 
