festuca pratensi s. 
MEADOW FESCUE GRASS. (Hudson and Withering.) 
GREAT MEADOW GRASS. (Anderson.) 
LARGER FESCUE. 
(Lin.) 
LARGER Grafs< Its leaves are confiderably broader 
Moift and low Meadows in general have the greateft abundance T he flowering fpikelets are like wife 
than thofe of the other fpecies of Felcuewhich hasbc tr “ d ; hofe G f the /mailer Fefcue^ There rs however 
much larger and longer; and wf not *“ - th in Meadows that are wet; particularly near 
another fpecies of this Genus, which is frequently to ]> e Grafs Q f a different family, the ( Atra cafpitofa) 
brooks and watery ditches. This is often ’ n com P an f „ ^ But, of both thefe Grades, it is to 
Turfy Hair Grafsi vulgarly called Hajocks, Rol fh; ca P s > . b j e noticc , that he will ufe his utmoft endeavours 
be wifhed, that the Fanner will be io far from tak ‘"S difasreeable, that no Cattle will touch them unlefs 
to get them eradicated, as they are fo coarte, oi . tbev w ill be of any ufe to the Farmer, whilft they 
“nTntl^isT^dt iTfhat . perpetual memento that the fpo.s of ground where they 
grow would be much benefited by draining. 
It flowers the third week in June. 
FOTfuTthw^bfavaSni on this Grafs fee Annals of Agriculture, N»- 70, P. 354- 
LOLIUM PERENNE. (Lin.) 
PERENNIAL DARNEL GRASS. (Hudson and Lightfoot.) 
RED DARNEL GRASS, RAY-GRASS, RYE-GRASS. (Withering.) 
RYEGRASS. (Anderson.) „ , ,. , 
Larve quantities of the feed of this Grafs are annually raifed in many parts of the kingdom. And every Seed- 
fhop wm q furni(h it under .he name of Ray, or Rye-Grafs. It may therefore feem unneceilary to d.reft a 
coMedion of it by hand. But there is feme reafon to fufpeft that by long cult,vat,on its nature has been fomewhat 
altered. In its manured (late, it blows early in June ; and feems to approach o the nature of corn, running up 
chiefly to feed-ftalks. In its wild (late, i, blows conftderably later, and furmlhes a much larger proportion of 
leaves. But perhaps this latter circumllance is attendant on mod of the perennial Grades, if they have been (own 
two or three years. It is meant, that they have a greater tendency to produce^ feed-ftalks lot the fir ft year or two 
after they are fown; and that, afterwards, they endeavour to propagate themielves more by off-lets, and confe- 
quently produce a greater abundance of leaves. 
Its Tips are commonly purple, but fometimes whitifh. 
This Grafs is pretty largely treated of in Anderson’s Effays, Vol. 2d. p. 232. and Marshall s Gloucefterllure, 
vol. 1 ft, p. 157 6c feq. 
CYNOSURUS CRISTA T US. (Lin.) 
CRESTED DOGS-TAIL GRASS. (Hudson, Withering, Anderson, Stillingfleet and Lightfoot.) 
WINDLESTRAWS. (Common.) 
The crefted Dogs-Tail Grafs is abundantly to be obferved in downs and high paftures that are appropriated to 
the feeding of Sheep; which are generally dry j and it is likewife not uncommonly found in land that is far from 
being dry. 
It has been remarked, that, altho’ the grades conftitute the principal food of herbivorous animals, yet whilft 
they are left at liberty in the pafture, they leave untouched the ftraws which fupport the flowers, that the feeds 
may ripen and fow themfelves. 
The fad: ftated in this remark is particularly verified in the Dogs-Tail Grafs : a great proportion of which, in 
moft paftures, the cattle conftantly fuffer to run up to feed. But, it is apprehended, not with any f'uch inftinddve 
view as that juft mentioned. This being a Grafs whole flowering ftems are not put forth till towards the latter 
end of June, when the leaves of moft of the Gralfes are every where in the greateft profulion, there is not then the 
fame temptation or neceffity for cattle to crop the /lalks, as there is earlier in the feafon when the leaves of the 
Grades are more fcanty. Befides, the ftalks of this Grals are peculiarly hard and tough: and perhaps the fpike, 
the flowers of it being armed with a pe&inated fence, may be unpleafant to the bite of cattle. 
It is no difficult matter to colled: a large quantity of the feed of this Grafs; but the feafon of its ripening mud 
be adverted to. 
It flowers the latter end of June and beginning of July. 
The Tips are of a dark purple colour. 
From an experiment which was made with feveral of the Grades in the year 1780, with a view to determine 
the different degrees of produce (an account of which follows) the Dogs-Tail appears in the lead favourable light. 
But it muft be remembered that the experiment was confined to one feafon. And it is probable that many of the 
Grades, and perhaps thofe more elpecially which are moft ftriddy perennial, do not attain to fo great a perfection 
the firft feafon, as others which aie not lo lafting. So that no certain conclufion can be drawn from it. 1780, 
April the 19th, fowed the following Grafs feeds in Drills, in a Border of good Garden Mould, viz. 
1 . 
2. 
3 * 
4 - 
5 * 
Meadow-Fefcuc. 
Cats-Tail. 
Tall Oat. 
Rough Cocks-foot. 
Smaller Fefcue. 
6. Crefted Dogftail. 
7. Meadow Foxtail, 
8. Smooth Poa. 
9. Fine Bent. 
10. 
11 . 
12. 
l 3- 
Annual Poa. 
Rough-Stalk’d Poa. 
Bulbous Poa. 
Yellow Oat. 
The plants in each drill were thinned and left fix inches apart. Sept. t 7 th, the GralTes in the Drills being, as 
fuppokd, arrived at the.r full growth for the feafon, a plant of each fort of the medium fize was taken up and 
weighed, the roots having been previoufly cut oft. r 
No. 
3- 
1 . 
2. 
4 - 
9 * 
8 . 
Tall Oat weighed 
Meadow- F efcue 
Catftail 
Cocksfoot 
Fine Bent 
Smooth-ftalked Poa 
Oz. Diets Gr. 
N. B. The feeds of No. 
18 
! 4 
H 
H 
8 
J 7 
7 
o 
*3 
12 
12 
1 
No, 10. Annual Poa 
5. Smaller Fefcue 
12. Bulbous Poa 
13. Yellow Oat 
6. Crefted Dogftail 
Ox. Diets Gr. 
O 15 22 
*5 
9 
4 
3 
o 
o 
o 
o 
5 
6 
22 
3, Tall-Oat, had run up tt/feed. The Annual'and BtdbousPowterafo tloffl" 8 " 11 "' 
No. 2, Catftail, and 
